WEBVTT

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<00:00:03.840>Hi, <00:00:03.967>I'm <00:00:04.094>Oskar, <00:00:04.221>and <00:00:04.349>I <00:00:04.476>want <00:00:04.603>to <00:00:04.730>start <00:00:04.858>with <00:00:04.985>something <00:00:05.112>I <00:00:05.240>had

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<00:00:09.840>Bad <00:00:10.015>software <00:00:10.190>is <00:00:10.365>often <00:00:10.540>not <00:00:10.715>created <00:00:10.890>by <00:00:11.065>bad <00:00:11.240>engineers.

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<00:00:14.660>It <00:00:14.787>is <00:00:14.914>created <00:00:15.041>by <00:00:15.169>the <00:00:15.296>conditions <00:00:15.423>around <00:00:15.550>them, <00:00:15.678>the <00:00:15.805>deadlines <00:00:15.932>they <00:00:16.059>work

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<00:00:18.480>under, <00:00:18.607>the <00:00:18.734>decisions <00:00:18.861>they <00:00:18.989>are <00:00:19.116>not <00:00:19.243>part <00:00:19.370>of, <00:00:19.498>the <00:00:19.625>risks <00:00:19.752>they <00:00:19.880>are

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<00:00:22.360>afraid <00:00:22.535>to <00:00:22.710>raise, <00:00:22.884>the <00:00:23.060>shortcuts <00:00:23.235>that <00:00:23.410>slowly <00:00:23.585>become <00:00:23.759>normal.

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<00:00:26.580>And <00:00:26.779>those <00:00:26.979>conditions <00:00:27.180>are <00:00:27.380>usually <00:00:27.580>shaped <00:00:27.779>by <00:00:27.979>leadership.

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<00:00:30.620>So <00:00:30.747>this <00:00:30.874>talk <00:00:31.001>is <00:00:31.129>about <00:00:31.256>software <00:00:31.383>quality, <00:00:31.510>but <00:00:31.638>not <00:00:31.765>in <00:00:31.892>the <00:00:32.020>usual

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<00:00:34.460>way, <00:00:34.635>not <00:00:34.810>through <00:00:34.985>frameworks, <00:00:35.160>not <00:00:35.335>through <00:00:35.510>tools, <00:00:35.685>not <00:00:35.860>through

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<00:00:38.360>test <00:00:38.640>coverage, <00:00:38.920>not <00:00:39.200>through <00:00:39.480>architecture <00:00:39.760>diagrams.

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<00:00:41.980>This <00:00:42.135>talk <00:00:42.291>is <00:00:42.446>about <00:00:42.602>the <00:00:42.757>leadership <00:00:42.913>decisions <00:00:43.068>that <00:00:43.224>quietly <00:00:43.379>shape

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<00:00:45.880>all <00:00:46.198>of <00:00:46.516>those <00:00:46.833>things.

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<00:00:48.720>Before <00:00:48.860>we <00:00:49.000>go <00:00:49.140>further, <00:00:49.280>a <00:00:49.420>quick <00:00:49.560>bit <00:00:49.699>of <00:00:49.839>context <00:00:49.980>about <00:00:50.120>me.

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<00:00:52.660>I'm <00:00:52.860>a <00:00:53.059>product <00:00:53.260>and <00:00:53.459>engineering <00:00:53.660>leader <00:00:53.860>from <00:00:54.059>Austria.

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<00:00:55.400>I <00:00:55.507>have <00:00:55.615>been <00:00:55.723>building <00:00:55.830>software <00:00:55.938>for <00:00:56.046>about <00:00:56.153>two <00:00:56.261>decades, <00:00:56.369>starting <00:00:56.476>in <00:00:56.584>my <00:00:56.692>teenage <00:00:56.800>years.

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<00:00:59.740>Over <00:00:59.867>the <00:00:59.994>years, <00:01:00.121>I <00:01:00.249>have <00:01:00.376>worked <00:01:00.503>as <00:01:00.630>a <00:01:00.758>developer, <00:01:00.885>architect, <00:01:01.012>project <00:01:01.140>manager,

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<00:01:03.840>engineering <00:01:04.190>lead, <00:01:04.540>and <00:01:04.890>product <00:01:05.240>leader.

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<00:01:06.080>I <00:01:06.173>have <00:01:06.266>led <00:01:06.360>teams <00:01:06.453>of <00:01:06.546>different <00:01:06.640>sizes <00:01:06.733>from <00:01:06.826>very <00:01:06.920>small <00:01:07.013>teams <00:01:07.106>to <00:01:07.200>teams <00:01:07.293>of <00:01:07.386>more <00:01:07.480>than

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<00:01:10.000>15 <00:01:10.140>people. <00:01:10.280>My <00:01:10.420>background <00:01:10.560>is <00:01:10.700>a <00:01:10.840>mix <00:01:10.980>of <00:01:11.120>software <00:01:11.260>engineering, <00:01:11.400>IT

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<00:01:13.900>security, <00:01:14.133>industrial <00:01:14.366>IoT, <00:01:14.600>regulated <00:01:14.833>environments, <00:01:15.066>and <00:01:15.300>platform

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<00:01:17.740>work. <00:01:17.895>So <00:01:18.051>I've <00:01:18.206>seen <00:01:18.362>software <00:01:18.517>from <00:01:18.673>several <00:01:18.828>angles, <00:01:18.984>as <00:01:19.140>the

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<00:01:21.660>person <00:01:21.787>writing <00:01:21.914>the <00:01:22.041>code, <00:01:22.169>as <00:01:22.296>the <00:01:22.423>person <00:01:22.550>responsible <00:01:22.678>for <00:01:22.805>architecture, <00:01:22.932>as <00:01:23.060>the

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<00:01:25.480>person <00:01:25.587>talking <00:01:25.695>to <00:01:25.803>stakeholders, <00:01:25.910>and <00:01:26.018>as <00:01:26.126>the <00:01:26.233>person <00:01:26.341>trying <00:01:26.449>to <00:01:26.556>protect <00:01:26.664>the <00:01:26.772>team <00:01:26.880>from

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<00:01:29.360>unrealistic <00:01:29.560>expectations. <00:01:29.760>These <00:01:29.960>days, <00:01:30.160>I <00:01:30.360>try <00:01:30.560>to <00:01:30.760>juggle

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<00:01:33.240>several <00:01:33.576>things <00:01:33.912>at <00:01:34.248>once.

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<00:01:35.240>Building <00:01:35.395>software, <00:01:35.551>leading <00:01:35.706>teams, <00:01:35.862>and <00:01:36.017>thinking <00:01:36.173>about <00:01:36.328>product <00:01:36.484>and <00:01:36.640>strategy.

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<00:01:39.820>So <00:01:39.960>far, <00:01:40.100>no <00:01:40.240>day <00:01:40.380>has <00:01:40.520>shipped <00:01:40.660>all <00:01:40.800>of <00:01:40.940>them <00:01:41.080>without <00:01:41.220>any

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<00:01:42.600>issues. <00:01:42.740>I <00:01:42.880>have <00:01:43.020>made <00:01:43.160>good <00:01:43.300>decisions <00:01:43.440>and <00:01:43.580>I <00:01:43.720>have <00:01:43.860>made <00:01:44.000>bad

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<00:01:46.380>ones. <00:01:46.496>Everything <00:01:46.613>I <00:01:46.729>share <00:01:46.846>today <00:01:46.963>is <00:01:47.080>my <00:01:47.196>own <00:01:47.313>experience <00:01:47.429>and <00:01:47.546>my <00:01:47.663>own <00:01:47.780>view.

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<00:01:51.200>I <00:01:51.433>will <00:01:51.666>not <00:01:51.900>name <00:01:52.133>companies <00:01:52.366>or <00:01:52.600>people.

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<00:01:53.640>These <00:01:53.780>are <00:01:53.920>patterns <00:01:54.060>I <00:01:54.200>have <00:01:54.340>lived <00:01:54.480>through, <00:01:54.620>not <00:01:54.760>accusations <00:01:54.900>against <00:01:55.040>anyone.

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<00:01:57.920>And <00:01:58.060>I <00:01:58.200>believe <00:01:58.340>these <00:01:58.480>patterns <00:01:58.620>matter <00:01:58.760>because <00:01:58.900>many <00:01:59.040>of <00:01:59.180>us <00:01:59.320>will

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<00:02:01.900>recognize <00:02:02.600>them <00:02:03.300>immediately.

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<00:02:06.240>Let <00:02:06.395>me <00:02:06.551>start <00:02:06.706>with <00:02:06.862>something <00:02:07.017>most <00:02:07.173>developers <00:02:07.328>can <00:02:07.484>relate <00:02:07.640>to.

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<00:02:09.740>Think <00:02:09.880>about <00:02:10.020>the <00:02:10.160>worst <00:02:10.300>code <00:02:10.440>base <00:02:10.580>you <00:02:10.720>have <00:02:10.860>ever <00:02:11.000>worked <00:02:11.141>on.

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<00:02:15.460>Not <00:02:15.615>a <00:02:15.771>little <00:02:15.926>messy, <00:02:16.082>really <00:02:16.237>bad. <00:02:16.393>The <00:02:16.548>kind <00:02:16.704>where <00:02:16.860>you

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<00:02:19.340>open <00:02:19.467>a <00:02:19.594>file, <00:02:19.721>look <00:02:19.849>at <00:02:19.976>it <00:02:20.103>for <00:02:20.230>a <00:02:20.358>few <00:02:20.485>seconds, <00:02:20.612>and <00:02:20.740>then

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<00:02:23.220>quietly <00:02:23.676>close <00:02:24.132>it <00:02:24.588>again.

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<00:02:25.600>Now, <00:02:25.799>ask <00:02:26.000>yourself <00:02:26.200>how <00:02:26.400>it <00:02:26.600>got <00:02:26.799>that <00:02:27.000>way.

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<00:02:28.760>Was <00:02:28.899>it <00:02:29.040>really <00:02:29.179>the <00:02:29.320>programming <00:02:29.459>language? <00:02:29.600>Was <00:02:29.739>it <00:02:29.880>really <00:02:30.019>the <00:02:30.160>framework?

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<00:02:32.920>Was <00:02:33.060>it <00:02:33.200>really <00:02:33.340>that <00:02:33.480>nobody <00:02:33.620>knew <00:02:33.760>how <00:02:33.900>to <00:02:34.040>write <00:02:34.180>clean <00:02:34.320>code?

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<00:02:36.020>Or <00:02:36.263>was <00:02:36.506>it <00:02:36.749>something <00:02:36.992>else?

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<00:02:38.660>Most <00:02:38.940>engineers <00:02:39.220>already <00:02:39.500>know <00:02:39.780>the <00:02:40.060>answer.

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<00:02:41.140>They <00:02:41.315>just <00:02:41.489>have <00:02:41.665>not <00:02:41.839>always <00:02:42.015>said <00:02:42.190>it <00:02:42.364>out <00:02:42.540>loud.

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<00:02:44.269>The <00:02:44.502>code <00:02:44.735>was <00:02:44.969>not <00:02:45.202>the <00:02:45.435>whole <00:02:45.669>problem.

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<00:02:46.860>The <00:02:46.960>tools <00:02:47.060>were <00:02:47.160>not <00:02:47.260>the <00:02:47.360>whole <00:02:47.460>problem, <00:02:47.560>and <00:02:47.660>the <00:02:47.760>people <00:02:47.860>writing <00:02:47.960>the <00:02:48.060>code <00:02:48.160>were <00:02:48.260>usually

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<00:02:50.560>not <00:02:50.700>the <00:02:50.840>whole <00:02:50.980>problem <00:02:51.120>either. <00:02:51.260>Very <00:02:51.400>often, <00:02:51.540>the <00:02:51.680>real <00:02:51.820>problem <00:02:51.960>was

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<00:02:54.340>somewhere <00:02:54.515>around <00:02:54.690>the <00:02:54.865>team, <00:02:55.040>in <00:02:55.215>the <00:02:55.390>priorities, <00:02:55.565>in <00:02:55.740>the

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<00:02:58.000>deadlines, <00:02:58.175>in <00:02:58.350>the <00:02:58.525>way <00:02:58.700>decisions <00:02:58.875>were <00:02:59.050>made, <00:02:59.225>in <00:02:59.400>what

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<00:03:02.120>people <00:03:02.295>were <00:03:02.470>allowed <00:03:02.645>to <00:03:02.820>question. <00:03:02.995>In <00:03:03.170>other <00:03:03.345>words, <00:03:03.520>in

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leadership.

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<00:03:08.600>Software <00:03:08.799>quality <00:03:09.000>is <00:03:09.200>not <00:03:09.400>primarily <00:03:09.600>a <00:03:09.799>technical <00:03:10.000>problem.

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<00:03:12.760>It <00:03:12.915>is <00:03:13.071>a <00:03:13.226>leadership <00:03:13.382>problem. <00:03:13.537>That <00:03:13.693>does <00:03:13.848>not <00:03:14.004>mean <00:03:14.160>the

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<00:03:16.380>technical <00:03:16.555>skill <00:03:16.730>does <00:03:16.905>not <00:03:17.079>matter. <00:03:17.255>Of <00:03:17.430>course, <00:03:17.605>it <00:03:17.780>matters.

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<00:03:19.980>Architecture <00:03:20.213>matters. <00:03:20.446>Testing <00:03:20.679>matters. <00:03:20.913>Security <00:03:21.146>practice <00:03:21.380>matters.

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<00:03:23.920>Code <00:03:24.200>reviews <00:03:24.480>matter. <00:03:24.760>Good <00:03:25.040>engineers <00:03:25.320>matter.

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<00:03:26.840>But <00:03:27.015>none <00:03:27.190>of <00:03:27.365>those <00:03:27.540>things <00:03:27.715>happen <00:03:27.890>in <00:03:28.065>their <00:03:28.240>own.

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<00:03:30.240>They <00:03:30.415>exist <00:03:30.590>inside <00:03:30.765>an <00:03:30.940>environment, <00:03:31.115>and <00:03:31.290>that <00:03:31.465>environment <00:03:31.640>either

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<00:03:34.240>makes <00:03:34.395>good <00:03:34.551>engineering <00:03:34.706>easier <00:03:34.862>or <00:03:35.017>it <00:03:35.173>makes <00:03:35.328>good <00:03:35.484>engineering <00:03:35.640>almost

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impossible.

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<00:03:39.600>By <00:03:39.700>the <00:03:39.799>end <00:03:39.900>of <00:03:40.000>this <00:03:40.100>talk, <00:03:40.200>I <00:03:40.299>want <00:03:40.400>you <00:03:40.500>to <00:03:40.600>recognize <00:03:40.700>three <00:03:40.799>leadership <00:03:40.900>patterns <00:03:41.000>that

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<00:03:43.380>quietly <00:03:43.730>destroy <00:03:44.079>code <00:03:44.430>bases. <00:03:44.780>Responsibility

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<00:03:47.100>without <00:03:47.299>authority, <00:03:47.500>control <00:03:47.700>instead <00:03:47.900>of <00:03:48.100>trust, <00:03:48.299>and <00:03:48.500>fear.

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<00:03:51.240>Three <00:03:51.340>patterns. <00:03:51.440>I <00:03:51.540>will <00:03:51.640>tell <00:03:51.740>you <00:03:51.840>a <00:03:51.940>real <00:03:52.040>story <00:03:52.140>for <00:03:52.240>each <00:03:52.340>one, <00:03:52.440>explain <00:03:52.540>the <00:03:52.640>technical

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<00:03:55.120>consequences, <00:03:55.295>and <00:03:55.470>then <00:03:55.645>show <00:03:55.820>what <00:03:55.995>we <00:03:56.170>can <00:03:56.345>do <00:03:56.520>instead.

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<00:03:59.740>I <00:03:59.867>know <00:03:59.994>what <00:04:00.121>some <00:04:00.249>of <00:04:00.376>you <00:04:00.503>may <00:04:00.630>be <00:04:00.758>thinking. <00:04:00.885>Leadership <00:04:01.012>talk. <00:04:01.140>Great.

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<00:04:03.480>Where's <00:04:03.635>the <00:04:03.791>coffee? <00:04:03.946>So <00:04:04.102>let <00:04:04.257>me <00:04:04.413>make <00:04:04.568>it <00:04:04.724>real <00:04:04.880>immediately.

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<00:04:09.860>We <00:04:09.967>are <00:04:10.075>living <00:04:10.183>in <00:04:10.290>a <00:04:10.398>most <00:04:10.506>interesting <00:04:10.613>moment <00:04:10.721>in <00:04:10.829>the <00:04:10.936>history <00:04:11.044>of <00:04:11.152>software <00:04:11.260>development.

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<00:04:14.000>AI <00:04:14.200>tools <00:04:14.400>write <00:04:14.600>code. <00:04:14.800>They <00:04:15.000>review <00:04:15.200>pull <00:04:15.400>requests.

70
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<00:04:17.399>They <00:04:17.632>find <00:04:17.865>bugs. <00:04:18.099>They <00:04:18.332>explain <00:04:18.565>legacy <00:04:18.798>systems.

71
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<00:04:20.360>They <00:04:20.487>suggest <00:04:20.614>tests. <00:04:20.741>They <00:04:20.869>can <00:04:20.996>help <00:04:21.123>us <00:04:21.250>move <00:04:21.378>faster <00:04:21.505>than <00:04:21.632>ever <00:04:21.760>before.

72
00:04:24.570 --> 00:04:27.409
<00:04:24.570>And <00:04:24.803>yes, <00:04:25.036>that <00:04:25.270>is <00:04:25.503>useful. <00:04:25.736>Very <00:04:25.969>useful.

73
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<00:04:27.940>But <00:04:28.067>here's <00:04:28.194>the <00:04:28.321>important <00:04:28.449>point. <00:04:28.576>AI <00:04:28.703>does <00:04:28.830>not <00:04:28.958>fix <00:04:29.085>the <00:04:29.212>conditions <00:04:29.340>under

74
00:04:31.860 --> 00:04:33.480
<00:04:31.860>which <00:04:32.210>bad <00:04:32.560>software <00:04:32.910>is <00:04:33.260>created.

75
00:04:34.880 --> 00:04:36.800
<00:04:34.880>AI <00:04:35.230>does <00:04:35.580>not <00:04:35.930>create <00:04:36.280>trust.

76
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<00:04:37.720>It <00:04:37.860>does <00:04:38.000>not <00:04:38.140>make <00:04:38.280>it <00:04:38.420>safe <00:04:38.560>to <00:04:38.700>challenge <00:04:38.840>a <00:04:38.980>bad <00:04:39.120>deadline.

77
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<00:04:40.620>It <00:04:40.820>does <00:04:41.020>not <00:04:41.220>decide <00:04:41.420>what <00:04:41.620>not <00:04:41.820>to <00:04:42.020>build.

78
00:04:42.760 --> 00:04:45.820
<00:04:42.760>It <00:04:42.915>does <00:04:43.071>not <00:04:43.226>protect <00:04:43.382>a <00:04:43.537>team <00:04:43.693>when <00:04:43.848>pressure <00:04:44.004>becomes <00:04:44.159>unrealistic.

79
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<00:04:46.500>It <00:04:46.607>cannot <00:04:46.715>walk <00:04:46.823>into <00:04:46.930>a <00:04:47.038>meeting <00:04:47.146>and <00:04:47.253>say, <00:04:47.361>"This <00:04:47.469>plan <00:04:47.576>does <00:04:47.684>not <00:04:47.792>make <00:04:47.900>sense."

80
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<00:04:50.440>That <00:04:50.615>is <00:04:50.790>leadership. <00:04:50.965>And <00:04:51.140>as <00:04:51.315>AI <00:04:51.490>gets <00:04:51.665>better <00:04:51.840>at

81
00:04:54.480 --> 00:04:58.360
<00:04:54.480>execution, <00:04:54.635>this <00:04:54.791>kind <00:04:54.946>of <00:04:55.102>human <00:04:55.257>judgment <00:04:55.413>becomes <00:04:55.568>more <00:04:55.724>important, <00:04:55.880>not

82
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less.

83
00:04:59.640 --> 00:05:03.460
<00:04:59.640>The <00:04:59.756>execution <00:04:59.873>layer <00:04:59.990>of <00:05:00.106>software <00:05:00.223>will <00:05:00.340>change <00:05:00.456>a <00:05:00.573>lot, <00:05:00.690>but <00:05:00.806>the <00:05:00.923>leadership <00:05:01.039>layer

84
00:05:03.500 --> 00:05:06.560
<00:05:03.500>is <00:05:03.700>still <00:05:03.900>human. <00:05:04.100>What <00:05:04.300>should <00:05:04.500>we <00:05:04.700>build? <00:05:04.900>Why?

85
00:05:06.700 --> 00:05:09.540
<00:05:06.700>What <00:05:06.840>should <00:05:06.979>we <00:05:07.120>not <00:05:07.260>build? <00:05:07.400>How <00:05:07.539>much <00:05:07.680>pressure <00:05:07.820>is <00:05:07.960>too <00:05:08.099>much?

86
00:05:10.100 --> 00:05:13.800
<00:05:10.100>Which <00:05:10.227>risks <00:05:10.354>are <00:05:10.481>acceptable? <00:05:10.609>Who <00:05:10.736>gets <00:05:10.863>here <00:05:10.990>before <00:05:11.118>it <00:05:11.245>is <00:05:11.372>too <00:05:11.500>late?

87
00:05:14.300 --> 00:05:18.280
<00:05:14.300>Those <00:05:14.416>questions <00:05:14.533>determine <00:05:14.650>software <00:05:14.766>quality <00:05:14.883>long <00:05:15.000>before <00:05:15.116>the <00:05:15.233>first <00:05:15.350>line <00:05:15.466>of <00:05:15.583>code <00:05:15.700>is

88
00:05:18.300 --> 00:05:22.260
<00:05:18.300>written. <00:05:18.440>So <00:05:18.580>if <00:05:18.720>you <00:05:18.860>are <00:05:19.000>a <00:05:19.140>developer <00:05:19.280>moving <00:05:19.420>toward <00:05:19.560>leadership <00:05:19.700>or

89
00:05:22.400 --> 00:05:25.360
<00:05:22.400>if <00:05:22.527>you <00:05:22.654>already <00:05:22.781>lead <00:05:22.909>a <00:05:23.036>team, <00:05:23.163>this <00:05:23.290>is <00:05:23.418>not <00:05:23.545>a <00:05:23.672>side <00:05:23.799>topic.

90
00:05:25.740 --> 00:05:29.600
<00:05:25.740>This <00:05:25.880>is <00:05:26.020>the <00:05:26.160>work. <00:05:26.300>But <00:05:26.440>only <00:05:26.580>if <00:05:26.720>it <00:05:26.860>is <00:05:27.000>real <00:05:27.140>leadership,

91
00:05:29.980 --> 00:05:33.880
<00:05:29.980>not <00:05:30.087>the <00:05:30.195>fake <00:05:30.303>version. <00:05:30.410>Let <00:05:30.518>me <00:05:30.626>show <00:05:30.733>you <00:05:30.841>what <00:05:30.949>the <00:05:31.056>fake <00:05:31.164>version <00:05:31.272>looks <00:05:31.380>like.

92
00:05:35.800 --> 00:05:39.120
<00:05:35.800>A <00:05:35.927>few <00:05:36.054>years <00:05:36.181>ago, <00:05:36.309>I <00:05:36.436>was <00:05:36.563>leading <00:05:36.690>an <00:05:36.818>engineering <00:05:36.945>and <00:05:37.072>research <00:05:37.200>team.

93
00:05:39.520 --> 00:05:41.880
<00:05:39.520>When <00:05:39.675>I <00:05:39.831>joined, <00:05:39.986>the <00:05:40.142>team <00:05:40.297>was <00:05:40.453>small, <00:05:40.608>around <00:05:40.764>three <00:05:40.919>people.

94
00:05:42.380 --> 00:05:43.840
<00:05:42.380>Later, <00:05:42.599>we <00:05:42.818>grew <00:05:43.037>to <00:05:43.256>more <00:05:43.475>than <00:05:43.694>10.

95
00:05:45.200 --> 00:05:49.180
<00:05:45.200>Growth <00:05:45.307>sounds <00:05:45.415>good, <00:05:45.523>and <00:05:45.630>it <00:05:45.738>can <00:05:45.846>be <00:05:45.953>good, <00:05:46.061>but <00:05:46.169>growth <00:05:46.276>without <00:05:46.384>structure <00:05:46.492>is <00:05:46.599>just

96
00:05:49.320 --> 00:05:52.900
<00:05:49.320>chaos <00:05:49.460>with <00:05:49.599>more <00:05:49.740>people <00:05:49.880>in <00:05:50.020>it. <00:05:50.159>Here <00:05:50.300>is <00:05:50.440>what <00:05:50.580>started <00:05:50.719>happening.

97
00:05:53.580 --> 00:05:55.560
<00:05:53.580>The <00:05:53.859>business <00:05:54.140>made <00:05:54.419>promises <00:05:54.700>to <00:05:54.979>clients.

98
00:05:56.520 --> 00:06:00.260
<00:05:56.520>Deadlines, <00:05:56.799>feature <00:05:57.080>commitments, <00:05:57.359>delivery <00:05:57.640>dates, <00:05:57.919>often

99
00:06:00.360 --> 00:06:04.280
<00:06:00.360>before <00:06:00.476>the <00:06:00.593>team <00:06:00.710>had <00:06:00.826>a <00:06:00.943>real <00:06:01.060>chance <00:06:01.176>to <00:06:01.293>understand <00:06:01.410>the <00:06:01.526>work, <00:06:01.643>sometimes <00:06:01.760>before

100
00:06:04.360 --> 00:06:08.000
<00:06:04.360>I <00:06:04.476>even <00:06:04.593>knew <00:06:04.710>the <00:06:04.826>project <00:06:04.943>existed. <00:06:05.060>On <00:06:05.176>paper, <00:06:05.293>I <00:06:05.410>was <00:06:05.526>responsible <00:06:05.643>for <00:06:05.760>the

101
00:06:08.060 --> 00:06:11.800
<00:06:08.060>technical <00:06:08.200>direction <00:06:08.340>of <00:06:08.480>the <00:06:08.620>team, <00:06:08.760>but <00:06:08.900>important <00:06:09.040>decisions <00:06:09.180>that <00:06:09.320>shaped <00:06:09.460>our

102
00:06:11.840 --> 00:06:14.520
<00:06:11.840>work <00:06:12.015>were <00:06:12.190>often <00:06:12.364>made <00:06:12.539>around <00:06:12.715>me, <00:06:12.890>not <00:06:13.065>with <00:06:13.239>me.

103
00:06:15.456 --> 00:06:19.176
<00:06:15.456>Then <00:06:15.596>the <00:06:15.736>team <00:06:15.876>would <00:06:16.016>receive <00:06:16.156>a <00:06:16.296>briefing, <00:06:16.436>and <00:06:16.576>already <00:06:16.716>inside <00:06:16.856>that

104
00:06:19.256 --> 00:06:23.186
<00:06:19.256>briefing <00:06:19.383>was <00:06:19.510>a <00:06:19.637>deadline. <00:06:19.765>A <00:06:19.892>deadline <00:06:20.019>nobody <00:06:20.146>on <00:06:20.274>the <00:06:20.401>team <00:06:20.528>had <00:06:20.655>agreed

105
00:06:23.216 --> 00:06:26.356
<00:06:23.216>to. <00:06:23.391>A <00:06:23.566>deadline <00:06:23.741>that <00:06:23.916>had <00:06:24.091>no <00:06:24.266>real <00:06:24.441>technical <00:06:24.616>basis.

106
00:06:26.976 --> 00:06:27.716
<00:06:26.976>What <00:06:27.309>happens <00:06:27.642>next?

107
00:06:28.556 --> 00:06:32.376
<00:06:28.556>The <00:06:28.683>team <00:06:28.810>tries <00:06:28.937>to <00:06:29.065>hit <00:06:29.192>it <00:06:29.319>anyway <00:06:29.446>because <00:06:29.574>they <00:06:29.701>are <00:06:29.828>professionals, <00:06:29.955>because

108
00:06:32.416 --> 00:06:35.836
<00:06:32.416>they <00:06:32.516>care, <00:06:32.616>because <00:06:32.716>nobody <00:06:32.816>wants <00:06:32.916>to <00:06:33.016>be <00:06:33.116>the <00:06:33.216>person <00:06:33.316>who <00:06:33.416>says <00:06:33.516>no <00:06:33.616>all <00:06:33.716>the <00:06:33.816>time.

109
00:06:36.616 --> 00:06:40.576
<00:06:36.616>So <00:06:36.732>they <00:06:36.849>cut <00:06:36.966>corners. <00:06:37.082>They <00:06:37.199>skip <00:06:37.316>tests, <00:06:37.432>they <00:06:37.549>merge <00:06:37.666>things <00:06:37.782>that <00:06:37.899>are <00:06:38.015>not

110
00:06:40.636 --> 00:06:42.336
<00:06:40.636>ready, <00:06:40.986>they <00:06:41.336>create <00:06:41.686>technical <00:06:42.036>debt.

111
00:06:43.116 --> 00:06:46.796
<00:06:43.116>Not <00:06:43.243>because <00:06:43.370>they <00:06:43.497>are <00:06:43.625>lazy, <00:06:43.752>not <00:06:43.879>because <00:06:44.006>they <00:06:44.134>do <00:06:44.261>not <00:06:44.388>care, <00:06:44.515>but

112
00:06:46.836 --> 00:06:49.196
<00:06:46.836>because <00:06:47.036>the <00:06:47.236>timeline <00:06:47.436>leaves <00:06:47.636>them <00:06:47.836>no <00:06:48.036>other <00:06:48.236>choice.

113
00:06:50.876 --> 00:06:54.586
<00:06:50.876>Project <00:06:51.075>after <00:06:51.275>project, <00:06:51.476>the <00:06:51.676>same <00:06:51.876>pattern <00:06:52.075>repeated <00:06:52.275>itself.

114
00:06:55.346 --> 00:06:58.756
<00:06:55.346>More <00:06:55.546>commitments <00:06:55.746>from <00:06:55.946>above, <00:06:56.146>more <00:06:56.346>impossible <00:06:56.546>timelines, <00:06:56.746>more

115
00:06:58.796 --> 00:07:00.166
<00:06:58.796>shortcuts, <00:06:59.412>more <00:07:00.029>debt.

116
00:07:00.996 --> 00:07:04.496
<00:07:00.996>And <00:07:01.171>the <00:07:01.346>codebase <00:07:01.520>slowly <00:07:01.695>becomes <00:07:01.871>exactly <00:07:02.046>the <00:07:02.221>kind <00:07:02.395>of

117
00:07:04.536 --> 00:07:07.376
<00:07:04.536>codebase <00:07:04.691>I <00:07:04.847>asked <00:07:05.002>you <00:07:05.158>to <00:07:05.313>think <00:07:05.469>about <00:07:05.624>at <00:07:05.780>the <00:07:05.936>beginning.

118
00:07:08.036 --> 00:07:11.626
<00:07:08.036>The <00:07:08.211>team <00:07:08.386>kept <00:07:08.561>growing. <00:07:08.736>More <00:07:08.911>people, <00:07:09.086>more <00:07:09.261>projects, <00:07:09.436>more

119
00:07:11.676 --> 00:07:15.216
<00:07:11.676>expectations. <00:07:12.026>But <00:07:12.376>not <00:07:12.726>enough <00:07:13.075>prioritization,

120
00:07:15.536 --> 00:07:18.996
<00:07:15.536>not <00:07:15.691>enough <00:07:15.847>capacity <00:07:16.002>planning, <00:07:16.158>not <00:07:16.313>enough <00:07:16.469>protection <00:07:16.624>from <00:07:16.780>the <00:07:16.936>noise,

121
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<00:07:19.596>just <00:07:20.550>more.

122
00:07:21.956 --> 00:07:23.156
<00:07:21.956>People <00:07:22.316>started <00:07:22.676>burning <00:07:23.036>out.

123
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<00:07:24.276>I <00:07:24.392>was <00:07:24.509>also <00:07:24.626>going <00:07:24.742>through <00:07:24.859>a <00:07:24.976>difficult <00:07:25.092>period <00:07:25.209>personally <00:07:25.326>at <00:07:25.442>the <00:07:25.559>time, <00:07:25.676>including

124
00:07:28.196 --> 00:07:30.455
<00:07:28.196>health <00:07:28.371>issues. <00:07:28.546>That <00:07:28.721>was <00:07:28.896>hard <00:07:29.071>enough <00:07:29.246>on <00:07:29.421>its <00:07:29.596>own.

125
00:07:31.056 --> 00:07:33.716
<00:07:31.056>But <00:07:31.195>what <00:07:31.335>made <00:07:31.476>it <00:07:31.616>worse <00:07:31.756>was <00:07:31.895>how <00:07:32.036>the <00:07:32.176>situation <00:07:32.316>was <00:07:32.455>read.

126
00:07:33.796 --> 00:07:37.196
<00:07:33.796>Instead <00:07:33.936>of <00:07:34.075>asking <00:07:34.216>what <00:07:34.356>support <00:07:34.496>might <00:07:34.635>be <00:07:34.776>needed, <00:07:34.916>the <00:07:35.056>quiet <00:07:35.195>assumption

127
00:07:37.496 --> 00:07:41.436
<00:07:37.496>became <00:07:37.651>something <00:07:37.807>like, <00:07:37.962>"Maybe <00:07:38.118>the <00:07:38.273>commitment <00:07:38.429>is <00:07:38.584>missing." <00:07:38.740>That <00:07:38.895>taught

128
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<00:07:41.456>me <00:07:41.656>something <00:07:41.856>important. <00:07:42.056>A <00:07:42.256>culture <00:07:42.456>reveals <00:07:42.656>itself <00:07:42.856>most

129
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<00:07:44.776>clearly <00:07:45.056>when <00:07:45.336>people <00:07:45.616>are <00:07:45.896>under <00:07:46.176>pressure.

130
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<00:07:48.776>After <00:07:48.976>many <00:07:49.176>difficult <00:07:49.376>conversations, <00:07:49.576>I <00:07:49.776>made <00:07:49.976>a <00:07:50.176>decision.

131
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<00:07:52.676>I <00:07:53.108>left.

132
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<00:07:54.696>And <00:07:54.851>within <00:07:55.007>a <00:07:55.162>few <00:07:55.318>months, <00:07:55.473>the <00:07:55.629>entire <00:07:55.784>team <00:07:55.940>was <00:07:56.096>gone.

133
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<00:07:58.096>I <00:07:58.212>do <00:07:58.329>not <00:07:58.446>say <00:07:58.562>this <00:07:58.679>to <00:07:58.796>make <00:07:58.912>it <00:07:59.029>sound <00:07:59.146>heroic. <00:07:59.262>It <00:07:59.379>was <00:07:59.496>not.

134
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<00:08:01.816>It <00:08:01.991>was <00:08:02.166>a <00:08:02.340>sign <00:08:02.515>that <00:08:02.691>something <00:08:02.866>in <00:08:03.041>the <00:08:03.215>environment

135
00:08:05.736 --> 00:08:06.336
<00:08:05.736>was <00:08:06.276>broken.

136
00:08:08.446 --> 00:08:12.296
<00:08:08.446>The <00:08:08.562>pattern <00:08:08.679>was <00:08:08.796>bigger <00:08:08.912>than <00:08:09.029>one <00:08:09.146>person, <00:08:09.262>and <00:08:09.379>the <00:08:09.496>way <00:08:09.612>it <00:08:09.729>was <00:08:09.846>interpreted

137
00:08:12.316 --> 00:08:14.156
<00:08:12.316>from <00:08:12.595>above <00:08:12.876>told <00:08:13.155>me <00:08:13.436>a <00:08:13.715>lot.

138
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The

139
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<00:08:17.076>message <00:08:17.176>I <00:08:17.276>took <00:08:17.376>from <00:08:17.476>it <00:08:17.576>was <00:08:17.676>something <00:08:17.776>like <00:08:17.876>this: <00:08:17.976>If <00:08:18.076>a <00:08:18.176>team <00:08:18.276>is <00:08:18.376>that <00:08:18.476>loyal

140
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<00:08:20.976>to <00:08:21.151>one <00:08:21.326>leader, <00:08:21.501>maybe <00:08:21.676>the <00:08:21.851>leader <00:08:22.026>is <00:08:22.201>the <00:08:22.376>problem.

141
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<00:08:25.235>I <00:08:25.362>want <00:08:25.489>you <00:08:25.616>to <00:08:25.744>sit <00:08:25.871>with <00:08:25.998>that <00:08:26.125>idea. <00:08:26.253>Loyalty <00:08:26.380>as <00:08:26.507>evidence <00:08:26.635>of

142
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<00:08:29.016>failure. <00:08:29.216>Think <00:08:29.416>about <00:08:29.616>what <00:08:29.816>that <00:08:30.016>reveals, <00:08:30.216>not <00:08:30.416>about

143
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<00:08:32.937>me, <00:08:33.386>about <00:08:33.835>the <00:08:34.285>environment.

144
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<00:08:35.876>If <00:08:35.992>people <00:08:36.109>leave <00:08:36.226>after <00:08:36.342>a <00:08:36.459>leader <00:08:36.576>leaves, <00:08:36.692>the <00:08:36.809>right <00:08:36.925>question <00:08:37.042>is <00:08:37.159>not <00:08:37.275>only

145
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<00:08:39.775>whether <00:08:39.950>that <00:08:40.126>leader <00:08:40.300>failed. <00:08:40.476>The <00:08:40.650>better <00:08:40.825>question <00:08:41.001>is, <00:08:41.175>what

146
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<00:08:43.616>kind <00:08:43.743>of <00:08:43.870>environment <00:08:43.997>did <00:08:44.125>we <00:08:44.252>build <00:08:44.379>where <00:08:44.506>loyalty <00:08:44.634>to <00:08:44.761>a <00:08:44.888>person <00:08:45.016>felt

147
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<00:08:47.496>more <00:08:47.696>reliable <00:08:47.896>than <00:08:48.096>loyalty <00:08:48.295>to <00:08:48.496>the <00:08:48.696>whole <00:08:48.896>institution?

148
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<00:08:54.276>This <00:08:54.509>is <00:08:54.742>responsibility <00:08:54.976>without <00:08:55.209>authority <00:08:55.442>in <00:08:55.675>practice.

149
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<00:08:57.116>I <00:08:57.232>had <00:08:57.349>accountability, <00:08:57.466>I <00:08:57.582>was <00:08:57.699>answering <00:08:57.816>for <00:08:57.932>delivery <00:08:58.049>and <00:08:58.165>for <00:08:58.282>quality, <00:08:58.399>but <00:08:58.516>I

150
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<00:09:01.056>did <00:09:01.196>not <00:09:01.336>have <00:09:01.476>enough <00:09:01.616>real <00:09:01.756>influence <00:09:01.896>over <00:09:02.036>the <00:09:02.176>decisions <00:09:02.316>that <00:09:02.456>determined

151
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<00:09:04.856>delivery <00:09:05.031>and <00:09:05.206>quality. <00:09:05.381>That <00:09:05.556>is <00:09:05.731>not <00:09:05.906>a <00:09:06.081>leadership <00:09:06.256>structure.

152
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<00:09:08.296>That <00:09:08.451>is <00:09:08.607>a <00:09:08.762>trap <00:09:08.918>with <00:09:09.073>a <00:09:09.229>job <00:09:09.384>title <00:09:09.540>on <00:09:09.696>it.

153
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<00:09:11.296>And <00:09:11.646>here's <00:09:11.996>the <00:09:12.346>technical <00:09:12.696>consequence.

154
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<00:09:13.576>When <00:09:13.731>you <00:09:13.887>separate <00:09:14.042>responsibility <00:09:14.198>from <00:09:14.353>authority, <00:09:14.509>the <00:09:14.664>person <00:09:14.820>accountable <00:09:14.976>for

155
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<00:09:17.616>quality <00:09:17.771>cannot <00:09:17.927>truly <00:09:18.082>influence <00:09:18.238>quality. <00:09:18.393>They <00:09:18.549>can <00:09:18.704>see <00:09:18.860>the <00:09:19.016>problems.

156
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<00:09:21.756>They <00:09:21.911>know <00:09:22.067>what <00:09:22.222>needs <00:09:22.378>to <00:09:22.533>change. <00:09:22.689>They <00:09:22.844>can <00:09:23.000>warn <00:09:23.156>people.

157
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<00:09:24.616>They <00:09:24.771>can <00:09:24.927>escalate. <00:09:25.082>They <00:09:25.238>can <00:09:25.393>ask <00:09:25.549>for <00:09:25.704>more <00:09:25.860>realistic <00:09:26.016>planning.

158
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<00:09:28.616>But <00:09:28.790>they <00:09:28.966>cannot <00:09:29.141>act <00:09:29.316>early <00:09:29.491>enough. <00:09:29.665>So <00:09:29.841>the <00:09:30.016>problems

159
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<00:09:32.676>stay. <00:09:32.909>They <00:09:33.142>grow. <00:09:33.376>They <00:09:33.609>become <00:09:33.842>the <00:09:34.076>architecture.

160
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<00:09:35.606>They <00:09:35.992>become <00:09:36.380>the <00:09:36.766>codebase.

161
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<00:09:37.716>Leadership <00:09:38.066>dysfunction <00:09:38.416>becomes <00:09:38.766>technical <00:09:39.116>dysfunction

162
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<00:09:41.356>every <00:09:42.004>single <00:09:42.652>time.

163
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<00:09:44.036>And <00:09:44.163>this <00:09:44.290>is <00:09:44.417>why <00:09:44.545>a <00:09:44.672>bad <00:09:44.799>deadline <00:09:44.926>is <00:09:45.054>not <00:09:45.181>just <00:09:45.308>a <00:09:45.436>planning

164
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<00:09:47.656>problem. <00:09:47.811>It <00:09:47.967>is <00:09:48.122>a <00:09:48.278>design <00:09:48.433>decision. <00:09:48.589>It <00:09:48.744>decides <00:09:48.900>which <00:09:49.055>tests

165
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<00:09:51.536>will <00:09:51.663>not <00:09:51.790>be <00:09:51.917>written, <00:09:52.045>which <00:09:52.172>refactoring <00:09:52.299>will <00:09:52.426>not <00:09:52.554>happen, <00:09:52.681>which <00:09:52.808>risk <00:09:52.936>will

166
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<00:09:55.496>be <00:09:56.000>accepted <00:09:56.504>silently.

167
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<00:09:57.546>The <00:09:57.662>team <00:09:57.779>may <00:09:57.896>still <00:09:58.012>write <00:09:58.129>the <00:09:58.246>code, <00:09:58.362>but <00:09:58.479>leadership <00:09:58.596>already <00:09:58.712>shaped <00:09:58.829>the <00:09:58.946>code

168
00:10:01.356 --> 00:10:02.616
<00:10:01.356>before <00:10:01.734>the <00:10:02.112>work <00:10:02.490>began.

169
00:10:04.836 --> 00:10:08.576
<00:10:04.836>Second <00:10:05.069>story, <00:10:05.302>different <00:10:05.536>company, <00:10:05.769>different <00:10:06.002>role, <00:10:06.236>same

170
00:10:08.616 --> 00:10:10.776
<00:10:08.616>underlying <00:10:08.966>problem <00:10:09.316>in <00:10:09.665>different <00:10:10.016>clothes.

171
00:10:11.556 --> 00:10:15.456
<00:10:11.556>I <00:10:11.683>tried <00:10:11.810>to <00:10:11.937>lead <00:10:12.065>a <00:10:12.192>software <00:10:12.319>team. <00:10:12.446>On <00:10:12.574>paper, <00:10:12.701>I <00:10:12.828>was <00:10:12.956>responsible

172
00:10:15.516 --> 00:10:18.836
<00:10:15.516>for <00:10:15.656>the <00:10:15.795>technology, <00:10:15.935>the <00:10:16.075>architecture, <00:10:16.216>the <00:10:16.356>quality <00:10:16.496>of <00:10:16.636>what <00:10:16.776>we <00:10:16.915>shipped.

173
00:10:19.716 --> 00:10:23.436
<00:10:19.716>In <00:10:19.856>theory. <00:10:19.996>The <00:10:20.136>leadership <00:10:20.276>team <00:10:20.416>had <00:10:20.556>very <00:10:20.696>strong <00:10:20.836>opinions <00:10:20.976>about <00:10:21.116>how

174
00:10:23.496 --> 00:10:27.196
<00:10:23.496>everything <00:10:23.696>should <00:10:23.896>be <00:10:24.096>built, <00:10:24.295>not <00:10:24.496>only <00:10:24.696>product <00:10:24.896>direction.

175
00:10:27.836 --> 00:10:31.636
<00:10:27.836>That <00:10:27.976>would <00:10:28.116>have <00:10:28.256>been <00:10:28.396>fair. <00:10:28.536>They <00:10:28.676>had <00:10:28.816>strong <00:10:28.956>opinions <00:10:29.096>about <00:10:29.236>technical

176
00:10:31.676 --> 00:10:35.176
<00:10:31.676>decisions, <00:10:31.876>architecture, <00:10:32.076>frameworks, <00:10:32.276>structure <00:10:32.476>of <00:10:32.676>the <00:10:32.876>code, <00:10:33.076>and

177
00:10:35.516 --> 00:10:38.736
<00:10:35.516>many <00:10:35.671>of <00:10:35.827>those <00:10:35.982>opinions <00:10:36.138>were <00:10:36.293>not <00:10:36.449>really <00:10:36.604>open <00:10:36.760>for <00:10:36.915>discussion.

178
00:10:40.136 --> 00:10:43.876
<00:10:40.136>I <00:10:40.263>want <00:10:40.390>to <00:10:40.517>be <00:10:40.645>fair <00:10:40.772>here. <00:10:40.899>Good <00:10:41.026>leaders <00:10:41.154>should <00:10:41.281>care <00:10:41.408>about <00:10:41.536>technology.

179
00:10:44.036 --> 00:10:47.616
<00:10:44.036>The <00:10:44.163>best <00:10:44.290>technical <00:10:44.417>leaders <00:10:44.545>I <00:10:44.672>know <00:10:44.799>have <00:10:44.926>strong <00:10:45.054>opinions. <00:10:45.181>That <00:10:45.308>is <00:10:45.436>healthy.

180
00:10:48.236 --> 00:10:50.136
<00:10:48.236>The <00:10:48.469>problem <00:10:48.702>is <00:10:48.936>not <00:10:49.169>having <00:10:49.402>an <00:10:49.636>opinion.

181
00:10:50.176 --> 00:10:53.276
<00:10:50.176>The <00:10:50.351>problem <00:10:50.526>is <00:10:50.701>when <00:10:50.876>that <00:10:51.051>opinion <00:10:51.226>cannot <00:10:51.401>be <00:10:51.576>questioned.

182
00:10:53.796 --> 00:10:57.646
<00:10:53.796>When <00:10:53.903>an <00:10:54.011>engineer <00:10:54.119>raises <00:10:54.226>a <00:10:54.334>concern <00:10:54.442>and <00:10:54.549>the <00:10:54.657>answer <00:10:54.765>is <00:10:54.872>not, <00:10:54.980>"Tell <00:10:55.088>me <00:10:55.196>more,"

183
00:10:58.076 --> 00:11:00.056
<00:10:58.076>but, <00:10:58.251>"That <00:10:58.426>is <00:10:58.601>not <00:10:58.776>how <00:10:58.951>we <00:10:59.126>do <00:10:59.301>it <00:10:59.476>here."

184
00:11:01.496 --> 00:11:04.936
<00:11:01.496>That <00:11:01.651>is <00:11:01.807>not <00:11:01.962>leadership. <00:11:02.118>That <00:11:02.273>is <00:11:02.429>micromanagement <00:11:02.584>with <00:11:02.740>a <00:11:02.896>title.

185
00:11:06.416 --> 00:11:08.576
<00:11:06.416>And <00:11:06.766>micromanagement <00:11:07.116>does <00:11:07.466>quiet <00:11:07.816>damage.

186
00:11:09.296 --> 00:11:13.276
<00:11:09.296>When <00:11:09.423>every <00:11:09.550>technical <00:11:09.677>decision <00:11:09.805>has <00:11:09.932>to <00:11:10.059>pass <00:11:10.186>through <00:11:10.314>one <00:11:10.441>person's <00:11:10.568>taste, <00:11:10.696>two

187
00:11:13.356 --> 00:11:16.176
<00:11:13.356>things <00:11:13.531>happen. <00:11:13.706>That <00:11:13.881>person <00:11:14.056>becomes <00:11:14.231>the <00:11:14.406>bottleneck <00:11:14.581>for <00:11:14.756>everything,

188
00:11:16.696 --> 00:11:19.416
<00:11:16.696>and <00:11:16.976>everyone <00:11:17.256>else <00:11:17.536>slowly <00:11:17.816>stops <00:11:18.096>thinking.

189
00:11:20.196 --> 00:11:23.456
<00:11:20.196>Why <00:11:20.312>think <00:11:20.429>deeply <00:11:20.546>about <00:11:20.662>the <00:11:20.779>design <00:11:20.896>if <00:11:21.012>the <00:11:21.129>design <00:11:21.246>will <00:11:21.362>be <00:11:21.479>overruled <00:11:21.596>anyway?

190
00:11:23.996 --> 00:11:26.216
<00:11:23.996>So <00:11:24.229>people <00:11:24.462>stop <00:11:24.696>bringing <00:11:24.929>their <00:11:25.162>best <00:11:25.396>ideas.

191
00:11:26.636 --> 00:11:29.626
<00:11:26.636>They <00:11:26.763>bring <00:11:26.890>their <00:11:27.017>safe <00:11:27.145>ideas, <00:11:27.272>the <00:11:27.399>ones <00:11:27.526>they <00:11:27.654>know <00:11:27.781>will <00:11:27.908>be <00:11:28.036>approved.

192
00:11:30.216 --> 00:11:32.816
<00:11:30.216>And <00:11:30.449>safe <00:11:30.682>ideas <00:11:30.916>rarely <00:11:31.149>build <00:11:31.382>great <00:11:31.616>software.

193
00:11:33.896 --> 00:11:35.796
<00:11:33.896>Then <00:11:34.096>there <00:11:34.295>was <00:11:34.496>the <00:11:34.695>topic <00:11:34.896>of <00:11:35.096>time <00:11:35.295>tracking.

194
00:11:36.016 --> 00:11:39.256
<00:11:36.016>At <00:11:36.156>some <00:11:36.295>point, <00:11:36.435>there <00:11:36.575>were <00:11:36.716>rumors <00:11:36.856>that <00:11:36.996>engineers <00:11:37.136>should <00:11:37.276>book <00:11:37.415>around

195
00:11:39.516 --> 00:11:42.076
<00:11:39.516>90% <00:11:39.690>of <00:11:39.866>their <00:11:40.040>working <00:11:40.216>day <00:11:40.391>directly <00:11:40.565>to <00:11:40.741>client <00:11:40.915>projects.

196
00:11:42.836 --> 00:11:46.756
<00:11:42.836>90%. <00:11:42.991>That <00:11:43.147>number <00:11:43.302>was <00:11:43.458>not <00:11:43.613>just <00:11:43.769>ambitious <00:11:43.924>from <00:11:44.080>an <00:11:44.236>engineering

197
00:11:46.796 --> 00:11:50.276
<00:11:46.796>perspective, <00:11:46.971>it <00:11:47.146>also <00:11:47.321>misunderstood <00:11:47.496>how <00:11:47.671>software <00:11:47.846>work <00:11:48.021>actually <00:11:48.196>happens.

198
00:11:50.976 --> 00:11:54.776
<00:11:50.976>At <00:11:51.092>least <00:11:51.209>in <00:11:51.326>my <00:11:51.442>context <00:11:51.559>in <00:11:51.676>Austria, <00:11:51.792>continuous <00:11:51.909>creative <00:11:52.026>work <00:11:52.142>also <00:11:52.259>requires <00:11:52.376>regular

199
00:11:54.896 --> 00:11:57.616
<00:11:54.896>breaks <00:11:55.070>or <00:11:55.246>changes <00:11:55.420>of <00:11:55.596>activity <00:11:55.771>after <00:11:55.945>around <00:11:56.121>50 <00:11:56.295>minutes.

200
00:11:58.196 --> 00:12:01.956
<00:11:58.196>So <00:11:58.323>the <00:11:58.450>idea <00:11:58.577>that <00:11:58.705>the <00:11:58.832>developer <00:11:58.959>can <00:11:59.086>simply <00:11:59.214>spend <00:11:59.341>almost <00:11:59.468>a <00:11:59.596>whole

201
00:12:01.996 --> 00:12:05.836
<00:12:01.996>day <00:12:02.123>in <00:12:02.250>direct <00:12:02.377>project <00:12:02.505>execution <00:12:02.632>did <00:12:02.759>not <00:12:02.886>match <00:12:03.014>the <00:12:03.141>reality <00:12:03.268>of <00:12:03.396>the

202
00:12:05.876 --> 00:12:06.076
work.

203
00:12:06.996 --> 00:12:10.076
<00:12:06.996>Later, <00:12:07.170>the <00:12:07.346>number <00:12:07.521>communicated <00:12:07.696>officially <00:12:07.871>was <00:12:08.045>closer <00:12:08.221>to <00:12:08.396>80%,

204
00:12:10.836 --> 00:12:14.256
<00:12:10.836>but <00:12:10.963>informally, <00:12:11.090>the <00:12:11.217>pressure <00:12:11.345>many <00:12:11.472>people <00:12:11.599>felt <00:12:11.726>still <00:12:11.854>moved <00:12:11.981>closer <00:12:12.108>to <00:12:12.236>90.

205
00:12:15.496 --> 00:12:19.456
<00:12:15.496>And <00:12:15.623>this <00:12:15.750>is <00:12:15.877>where <00:12:16.005>the <00:12:16.132>damage <00:12:16.259>starts, <00:12:16.386>because <00:12:16.514>once <00:12:16.641>the <00:12:16.768>number <00:12:16.896>becomes

206
00:12:19.476 --> 00:12:21.976
<00:12:19.476>the <00:12:19.709>message, <00:12:19.942>people <00:12:20.176>optimize <00:12:20.409>for <00:12:20.642>the <00:12:20.876>number

207
00:12:23.644 --> 00:12:27.564
<00:12:23.644>The <00:12:23.799>more, <00:12:23.955>the <00:12:24.110>better. <00:12:24.266>And <00:12:24.421>ideally, <00:12:24.577>just <00:12:24.732>fill <00:12:24.888>the <00:12:25.044>whole

208
00:12:27.604 --> 00:12:27.774
day.

209
00:12:28.824 --> 00:12:32.424
<00:12:28.824>Now <00:12:28.917>I <00:12:29.010>want <00:12:29.103>to <00:12:29.197>be <00:12:29.290>precise. <00:12:29.383>I'm <00:12:29.477>talking <00:12:29.570>about <00:12:29.664>the <00:12:29.757>pressure <00:12:29.850>people <00:12:29.944>felt, <00:12:30.037>not <00:12:30.130>about <00:12:30.223>a

210
00:12:32.444 --> 00:12:35.984
<00:12:32.444>formal <00:12:32.618>policy <00:12:32.794>document. <00:12:32.968>And <00:12:33.144>that <00:12:33.319>is <00:12:33.493>exactly <00:12:33.669>the <00:12:33.843>point.

211
00:12:36.544 --> 00:12:39.804
<00:12:36.544>A <00:12:36.718>number <00:12:36.894>on <00:12:37.069>a <00:12:37.244>spreadsheet <00:12:37.419>treats <00:12:37.593>humans <00:12:37.769>like <00:12:37.944>CPUs,

212
00:12:40.444 --> 00:12:44.364
<00:12:40.444>but <00:12:40.560>humans <00:12:40.677>are <00:12:40.794>not <00:12:40.910>CPUs. <00:12:41.027>A <00:12:41.144>team <00:12:41.260>also <00:12:41.377>needs <00:12:41.493>time <00:12:41.610>to <00:12:41.727>think, <00:12:41.843>to

213
00:12:44.384 --> 00:12:48.064
<00:12:44.384>review, <00:12:44.500>to <00:12:44.617>learn, <00:12:44.734>to <00:12:44.850>help <00:12:44.967>each <00:12:45.084>other, <00:12:45.200>to <00:12:45.317>improve <00:12:45.434>the <00:12:45.550>build <00:12:45.667>pipeline, <00:12:45.784>to

214
00:12:48.204 --> 00:12:50.684
<00:12:48.204>reduce <00:12:48.437>risk, <00:12:48.670>to <00:12:48.904>prevent <00:12:49.137>the <00:12:49.370>next <00:12:49.603>incident.

215
00:12:51.644 --> 00:12:53.764
<00:12:51.644>None <00:12:51.819>of <00:12:51.994>that <00:12:52.169>fits <00:12:52.344>neatly <00:12:52.519>into <00:12:52.694>a <00:12:52.869>billable <00:12:53.044>hour.

216
00:12:54.584 --> 00:12:57.894
<00:12:54.584>But <00:12:54.691>all <00:12:54.799>of <00:12:54.907>it <00:12:55.014>is <00:12:55.122>the <00:12:55.230>difference <00:12:55.337>between <00:12:55.445>software <00:12:55.553>that <00:12:55.660>lasts <00:12:55.768>and <00:12:55.876>software <00:12:55.984>that

217
00:12:58.024 --> 00:12:59.104
<00:12:58.024>slowly <00:12:58.510>falls <00:12:58.996>apart.

218
00:13:00.544 --> 00:13:03.584
<00:13:00.544>Whether <00:13:00.684>intended <00:13:00.824>or <00:13:00.964>not, <00:13:01.103>the <00:13:01.244>message <00:13:01.384>many <00:13:01.524>people <00:13:01.664>heard <00:13:01.804>was <00:13:01.944>clear.

219
00:13:04.204 --> 00:13:08.084
<00:13:04.204>Your <00:13:04.297>value <00:13:04.390>here <00:13:04.483>is <00:13:04.577>measured <00:13:04.670>in <00:13:04.763>hours <00:13:04.857>logged, <00:13:04.950>not <00:13:05.044>in <00:13:05.137>the <00:13:05.230>quality <00:13:05.324>of <00:13:05.417>what <00:13:05.510>you <00:13:05.603>build,

220
00:13:08.564 --> 00:13:11.784
<00:13:08.564>not <00:13:08.691>in <00:13:08.818>the <00:13:08.945>problems <00:13:09.073>you <00:13:09.200>solve, <00:13:09.327>not <00:13:09.454>in <00:13:09.582>the <00:13:09.709>risks <00:13:09.836>you <00:13:09.964>prevent.

221
00:13:11.804 --> 00:13:13.304
<00:13:11.804>In <00:13:12.074>the <00:13:12.343>hours <00:13:12.613>you <00:13:12.884>can <00:13:13.154>bill.

222
00:13:15.104 --> 00:13:18.524
<00:13:15.104>I <00:13:15.231>left. <00:13:15.358>Sometime <00:13:15.485>later, <00:13:15.613>I <00:13:15.740>heard <00:13:15.867>the <00:13:15.994>project <00:13:16.122>ran <00:13:16.249>into <00:13:16.376>serious <00:13:16.504>trouble.

223
00:13:19.124 --> 00:13:21.984
<00:13:19.124>From <00:13:19.217>what <00:13:19.310>I <00:13:19.404>understood, <00:13:19.497>some <00:13:19.590>of <00:13:19.684>the <00:13:19.777>issues <00:13:19.870>were <00:13:19.964>close <00:13:20.057>to <00:13:20.150>risks <00:13:20.244>that <00:13:20.337>had <00:13:20.430>been <00:13:20.524>raised

224
00:13:22.004 --> 00:13:25.824
<00:13:22.004>early <00:13:22.131>on. <00:13:22.258>The <00:13:22.385>technical <00:13:22.513>risks, <00:13:22.640>the <00:13:22.767>architecture <00:13:22.894>concerns, <00:13:23.022>the <00:13:23.149>things <00:13:23.276>that <00:13:23.404>felt

225
00:13:26.184 --> 00:13:29.624
<00:13:26.184>easy <00:13:26.291>to <00:13:26.399>dismiss <00:13:26.507>when <00:13:26.614>there <00:13:26.722>was <00:13:26.830>too <00:13:26.937>time. <00:13:27.045>I <00:13:27.153>cannot <00:13:27.260>prove <00:13:27.368>a <00:13:27.476>direct <00:13:27.584>connection.

226
00:13:30.164 --> 00:13:33.824
<00:13:30.164>I <00:13:30.271>wasn't <00:13:30.379>there <00:13:30.487>anymore, <00:13:30.594>but <00:13:30.702>it <00:13:30.810>matched <00:13:30.917>the <00:13:31.025>concerns <00:13:31.133>that <00:13:31.240>had <00:13:31.348>been <00:13:31.456>raised <00:13:31.564>early.

227
00:13:35.724 --> 00:13:38.244
<00:13:35.724>This <00:13:35.924>is <00:13:36.124>control <00:13:36.324>instead <00:13:36.524>of <00:13:36.724>trust <00:13:36.924>in <00:13:37.124>practice.

228
00:13:38.524 --> 00:13:41.884
<00:13:38.524>When <00:13:38.699>leadership <00:13:38.874>does <00:13:39.049>not <00:13:39.224>trust <00:13:39.399>people, <00:13:39.574>it <00:13:39.749>controls <00:13:39.924>them.

229
00:13:42.624 --> 00:13:46.424
<00:13:42.624>Sometimes <00:13:42.824>by <00:13:43.024>overruling <00:13:43.224>technical <00:13:43.424>decisions, <00:13:43.624>sometimes <00:13:43.824>by <00:13:44.024>measuring

230
00:13:46.484 --> 00:13:49.584
<00:13:46.484>everything, <00:13:46.684>hours <00:13:46.884>logged, <00:13:47.084>tickets <00:13:47.284>closed, <00:13:47.484>story <00:13:47.684>points, <00:13:47.884>velocity.

231
00:13:50.304 --> 00:13:53.564
<00:13:50.304>These <00:13:50.459>metrics <00:13:50.615>can <00:13:50.770>be <00:13:50.926>useful. <00:13:51.081>Used <00:13:51.237>well, <00:13:51.392>they <00:13:51.548>give <00:13:51.704>signal.

232
00:13:53.924 --> 00:13:56.444
<00:13:53.924>But <00:13:54.079>when <00:13:54.235>they <00:13:54.390>become <00:13:54.546>the <00:13:54.701>main <00:13:54.857>way <00:13:55.012>you <00:13:55.168>manage <00:13:55.324>people,

233
00:13:57.544 --> 00:13:58.324
<00:13:57.544>something <00:13:58.246>breaks.

234
00:13:59.564 --> 00:14:02.054
<00:13:59.564>Developers <00:13:59.797>measured <00:14:00.030>only <00:14:00.264>on <00:14:00.497>output <00:14:00.730>produce <00:14:00.964>output.

235
00:14:02.424 --> 00:14:03.964
<00:14:02.424>Fast, <00:14:02.886>visible, <00:14:03.348>measurable <00:14:03.810>output.

236
00:14:04.504 --> 00:14:08.004
<00:14:04.504>But <00:14:04.620>they <00:14:04.737>may <00:14:04.854>stop <00:14:04.970>asking <00:14:05.087>whether <00:14:05.204>the <00:14:05.320>solution <00:14:05.437>is <00:14:05.554>maintainable, <00:14:05.670>whether <00:14:05.787>it <00:14:05.904>is

237
00:14:08.024 --> 00:14:10.384
<00:14:08.024>secure, <00:14:08.179>whether <00:14:08.335>it <00:14:08.490>will <00:14:08.646>survive <00:14:08.801>the <00:14:08.957>next <00:14:09.112>year <00:14:09.268>of <00:14:09.424>growth.

238
00:14:10.984 --> 00:14:12.864
<00:14:10.984>They <00:14:11.217>close <00:14:11.450>the <00:14:11.684>ticket <00:14:11.917>and <00:14:12.150>move <00:14:12.384>on.

239
00:14:16.124 --> 00:14:18.124
<00:14:16.124>That <00:14:16.324>brings <00:14:16.524>me <00:14:16.724>to <00:14:16.924>the <00:14:17.124>third <00:14:17.324>pattern, <00:14:17.524>fear.

240
00:14:19.304 --> 00:14:22.324
<00:14:19.304>And <00:14:19.420>I <00:14:19.537>want <00:14:19.654>to <00:14:19.770>approach <00:14:19.887>fear <00:14:20.004>through <00:14:20.120>the <00:14:20.237>angle <00:14:20.353>I <00:14:20.470>know <00:14:20.587>best, <00:14:20.704>security.

241
00:14:23.344 --> 00:14:27.194
<00:14:23.344>Fear <00:14:23.451>is <00:14:23.559>not <00:14:23.667>only <00:14:23.774>a <00:14:23.882>feeling <00:14:23.990>inside <00:14:24.097>a <00:14:24.205>team, <00:14:24.313>it <00:14:24.420>is <00:14:24.528>also <00:14:24.636>an <00:14:24.744>information

242
00:14:27.264 --> 00:14:31.024
<00:14:27.264>problem. <00:14:27.497>If <00:14:27.730>people <00:14:27.964>are <00:14:28.197>afraid, <00:14:28.430>important <00:14:28.664>information

243
00:14:31.124 --> 00:14:34.184
<00:14:31.124>stops <00:14:31.324>moving, <00:14:31.524>and <00:14:31.724>in <00:14:31.924>security, <00:14:32.124>that <00:14:32.324>is <00:14:32.524>dangerous.

244
00:14:36.004 --> 00:14:38.564
<00:14:36.004>Most <00:14:36.179>people <00:14:36.354>think <00:14:36.529>of <00:14:36.704>security <00:14:36.879>as <00:14:37.054>a <00:14:37.229>technical <00:14:37.404>discipline.

245
00:14:39.244 --> 00:14:43.204
<00:14:39.244>Tools, <00:14:39.594>scanners, <00:14:39.944>penetration <00:14:40.294>tests, <00:14:40.644>certifications,

246
00:14:43.384 --> 00:14:43.964
policies.

247
00:14:45.084 --> 00:14:48.684
<00:14:45.084>And <00:14:45.184>it <00:14:45.284>is <00:14:45.384>all <00:14:45.484>of <00:14:45.584>that. <00:14:45.684>I <00:14:45.784>have <00:14:45.884>spent <00:14:45.984>years <00:14:46.084>in <00:14:46.184>IT <00:14:46.284>security <00:14:46.384>and <00:14:46.484>regulated

248
00:14:48.704 --> 00:14:52.384
<00:14:48.704>environments, <00:14:48.937>including <00:14:49.170>work <00:14:49.404>around <00:14:49.637>standards <00:14:49.870>like <00:14:50.103>ISO.

249
00:14:53.284 --> 00:14:57.124
<00:14:53.284>So <00:14:53.411>believe <00:14:53.538>me <00:14:53.665>when <00:14:53.793>I <00:14:53.920>say <00:14:54.047>the <00:14:54.174>tools <00:14:54.302>are <00:14:54.429>the <00:14:54.556>easy <00:14:54.684>part,

250
00:14:58.544 --> 00:15:01.344
<00:14:58.544>because <00:14:58.699>security <00:14:58.855>doesn't <00:14:59.010>only <00:14:59.166>depend <00:14:59.321>on <00:14:59.477>what <00:14:59.632>your <00:14:59.788>tools <00:14:59.944>find.

251
00:15:02.224 --> 00:15:05.284
<00:15:02.224>It <00:15:02.351>depends <00:15:02.478>on <00:15:02.605>what <00:15:02.733>your <00:15:02.860>people <00:15:02.987>are <00:15:03.114>willing <00:15:03.242>to <00:15:03.369>say <00:15:03.496>out <00:15:03.624>loud.

252
00:15:06.364 --> 00:15:09.884
<00:15:06.364>Let <00:15:06.519>me <00:15:06.675>make <00:15:06.830>that <00:15:06.986>concrete. <00:15:07.141>An <00:15:07.297>engineer <00:15:07.452>notices <00:15:07.608>something, <00:15:07.764>a

253
00:15:09.924 --> 00:15:13.404
<00:15:09.924>dependency <00:15:10.064>that <00:15:10.204>looks <00:15:10.343>risky, <00:15:10.483>a <00:15:10.624>shortcut <00:15:10.764>in <00:15:10.904>the <00:15:11.044>authentication <00:15:11.184>flow, <00:15:11.324>a

254
00:15:13.484 --> 00:15:15.644
<00:15:13.484>configuration <00:15:13.717>that <00:15:13.950>should <00:15:14.184>never <00:15:14.417>have <00:15:14.650>reached <00:15:14.884>production.

255
00:15:16.144 --> 00:15:19.444
<00:15:16.144>A <00:15:16.284>small <00:15:16.424>design <00:15:16.564>decision <00:15:16.704>that <00:15:16.844>could <00:15:16.984>become <00:15:17.124>a <00:15:17.264>large <00:15:17.404>incident <00:15:17.544>later.

256
00:15:20.184 --> 00:15:24.104
<00:15:20.184>A <00:15:20.339>small <00:15:20.495>voice <00:15:20.650>says, <00:15:20.806>"This <00:15:20.961>is <00:15:21.117>not <00:15:21.272>right." <00:15:21.428>Now <00:15:21.584>everything

257
00:15:24.124 --> 00:15:24.984
<00:15:24.124>depends <00:15:24.382>on <00:15:24.640>one <00:15:24.898>thing.

258
00:15:25.984 --> 00:15:27.704
<00:15:25.984>Do <00:15:26.184>they <00:15:26.384>feel <00:15:26.584>safe <00:15:26.784>enough <00:15:26.984>to <00:15:27.184>raise <00:15:27.384>it?

259
00:15:28.864 --> 00:15:30.784
<00:15:28.864>In <00:15:29.097>a <00:15:29.330>healthy <00:15:29.564>team, <00:15:29.797>they <00:15:30.030>say <00:15:30.264>something.

260
00:15:31.484 --> 00:15:33.344
<00:15:31.484>The <00:15:31.717>problem <00:15:31.950>gets <00:15:32.184>seen, <00:15:32.417>it <00:15:32.650>gets <00:15:32.884>discussed.

261
00:15:33.424 --> 00:15:36.844
<00:15:33.424>Maybe <00:15:33.531>it <00:15:33.639>gets <00:15:33.747>fixed <00:15:33.854>today, <00:15:33.962>maybe <00:15:34.070>next <00:15:34.177>sprint, <00:15:34.285>but <00:15:34.393>it <00:15:34.500>is <00:15:34.608>on <00:15:34.716>the <00:15:34.824>table.

262
00:15:37.464 --> 00:15:39.884
<00:15:37.464>In <00:15:37.697>a <00:15:37.930>fearful <00:15:38.164>team, <00:15:38.397>they <00:15:38.630>stay <00:15:38.863>quiet.

263
00:15:40.744 --> 00:15:44.564
<00:15:40.744>Because <00:15:40.860>last <00:15:40.977>time <00:15:41.094>someone <00:15:41.210>raised <00:15:41.327>a <00:15:41.444>concern, <00:15:41.560>they <00:15:41.677>were <00:15:41.794>told <00:15:41.910>they <00:15:42.027>were <00:15:42.144>slowing

264
00:15:44.584 --> 00:15:47.714
<00:15:44.584>things <00:15:44.784>down <00:15:44.984>because <00:15:45.184>the <00:15:45.384>deadline <00:15:45.584>is <00:15:45.784>already <00:15:45.984>impossible,

265
00:15:47.864 --> 00:15:51.824
<00:15:47.864>because <00:15:48.039>pointing <00:15:48.214>at <00:15:48.389>the <00:15:48.564>problem <00:15:48.739>here <00:15:48.914>makes <00:15:49.089>you <00:15:49.264>the

266
00:15:51.864 --> 00:15:52.244
problem.

267
00:15:53.164 --> 00:15:56.324
<00:15:53.164>So <00:15:53.364>the <00:15:53.564>engineer <00:15:53.764>closes <00:15:53.964>the <00:15:54.164>file <00:15:54.364>and <00:15:54.564>the

268
00:15:56.364 --> 00:15:57.244
vulnerability

269
00:15:58.224 --> 00:15:58.724
stays.

270
00:16:01.544 --> 00:16:03.524
<00:16:01.544>This <00:16:01.699>is <00:16:01.855>the <00:16:02.010>part <00:16:02.166>I <00:16:02.321>really <00:16:02.477>want <00:16:02.632>you <00:16:02.788>to <00:16:02.944>hear.

271
00:16:03.534 --> 00:16:06.524
<00:16:03.534>A <00:16:03.689>culture <00:16:03.845>of <00:16:04.000>fear <00:16:04.156>does <00:16:04.311>not <00:16:04.467>just <00:16:04.622>hurt <00:16:04.778>the <00:16:04.934>team.

272
00:16:07.244 --> 00:16:09.644
<00:16:07.244>It <00:16:07.594>silently <00:16:07.944>disables <00:16:08.294>your <00:16:08.644>security.

273
00:16:10.364 --> 00:16:14.224
<00:16:10.364>Every <00:16:10.519>unspoken <00:16:10.675>concern <00:16:10.830>is <00:16:10.986>a <00:16:11.141>security <00:16:11.297>control <00:16:11.452>that <00:16:11.608>never <00:16:11.764>runs.

274
00:16:14.684 --> 00:16:18.203
<00:16:14.684>You <00:16:14.800>can <00:16:14.917>buy <00:16:15.034>every <00:16:15.150>scanner <00:16:15.267>on <00:16:15.384>the <00:16:15.500>market. <00:16:15.617>You <00:16:15.733>can <00:16:15.850>pass <00:16:15.967>every <00:16:16.084>audit.

275
00:16:18.824 --> 00:16:22.804
<00:16:18.824>But <00:16:18.940>if <00:16:19.057>your <00:16:19.174>engineers <00:16:19.290>are <00:16:19.407>afraid <00:16:19.524>to <00:16:19.640>say, <00:16:19.757>"This <00:16:19.873>is <00:16:19.990>not <00:16:20.107>safe," <00:16:20.223>you're

276
00:16:22.844 --> 00:16:25.054
<00:16:22.844>exposed <00:16:23.044>in <00:16:23.244>a <00:16:23.444>way <00:16:23.644>no <00:16:23.844>tool <00:16:24.044>will <00:16:24.244>catch.

277
00:16:25.824 --> 00:16:28.844
<00:16:25.824>In <00:16:25.951>security, <00:16:26.078>we <00:16:26.205>often <00:16:26.333>say <00:16:26.460>there <00:16:26.587>is <00:16:26.714>no <00:16:26.842>patch <00:16:26.969>for <00:16:27.096>human <00:16:27.223>behavior.

278
00:16:29.744 --> 00:16:32.464
<00:16:29.744>I <00:16:29.884>would <00:16:30.024>add <00:16:30.164>something. <00:16:30.304>There <00:16:30.444>is <00:16:30.584>also <00:16:30.724>no <00:16:30.864>scanner <00:16:31.004>for <00:16:31.144>silence.

279
00:16:35.084 --> 00:16:37.204
<00:16:35.084>This <00:16:35.317>is <00:16:35.550>fear <00:16:35.784>as <00:16:36.017>an <00:16:36.250>engineering <00:16:36.484>problem.

280
00:16:37.544 --> 00:16:41.284
<00:16:37.544>Fear <00:16:37.684>is <00:16:37.824>not <00:16:37.964>a <00:16:38.103>soft <00:16:38.244>problem. <00:16:38.384>In <00:16:38.524>a <00:16:38.664>security <00:16:38.804>context, <00:16:38.944>fear

281
00:16:41.584 --> 00:16:45.363
<00:16:41.584>is <00:16:41.724>a <00:16:41.864>vulnerability, <00:16:42.004>and <00:16:42.144>the <00:16:42.284>only <00:16:42.424>thing <00:16:42.564>that <00:16:42.704>closes <00:16:42.844>it <00:16:42.984>is

282
00:16:45.423 --> 00:16:47.924
<00:16:45.423>leadership <00:16:45.656>that <00:16:45.889>makes <00:16:46.123>it <00:16:46.356>safe <00:16:46.589>to <00:16:46.823>speak.

283
00:16:50.004 --> 00:16:51.424
<00:16:50.004>So <00:16:50.323>let <00:16:50.643>us <00:16:50.962>step <00:16:51.281>back.

284
00:16:52.824 --> 00:16:56.104
<00:16:52.824>Different <00:16:53.103>companies, <00:16:53.383>different <00:16:53.664>situations, <00:16:53.944>different <00:16:54.223>roles.

285
00:16:56.864 --> 00:16:58.404
<00:16:56.864>But <00:16:57.141>look <00:16:57.418>at <00:16:57.695>what <00:16:57.972>they <00:16:58.250>share.

286
00:16:59.624 --> 00:17:02.484
<00:16:59.624>In <00:16:59.824>every <00:17:00.024>case, <00:17:00.224>the <00:17:00.424>technical <00:17:00.624>problems <00:17:00.824>were <00:17:01.024>real.

287
00:17:03.424 --> 00:17:04.004
<00:17:03.424>Bad <00:17:03.945>code,

288
00:17:04.944 --> 00:17:08.545
<00:17:04.944>slow <00:17:05.223>delivery, <00:17:05.503>quality <00:17:05.783>issues, <00:17:06.063>architecture <00:17:06.344>risks,

289
00:17:09.045 --> 00:17:09.964
<00:17:09.045>security <00:17:09.872>concerns.

290
00:17:10.884 --> 00:17:14.644
<00:17:10.884>And <00:17:11.024>in <00:17:11.164>every <00:17:11.304>case, <00:17:11.444>the <00:17:11.584>people <00:17:11.723>trying <00:17:11.864>to <00:17:12.003>surface <00:17:12.144>those <00:17:12.284>problems

291
00:17:14.944 --> 00:17:17.884
<00:17:14.944>were <00:17:15.084>at <00:17:15.223>risk <00:17:15.364>of <00:17:15.503>being <00:17:15.644>treated <00:17:15.783>as <00:17:15.924>the <00:17:16.063>cause <00:17:16.204>of <00:17:16.344>them.

292
00:17:18.835 --> 00:17:20.404
<00:17:18.835>The <00:17:19.185>engineers <00:17:19.535>were <00:17:19.885>under <00:17:20.235>pressure.

293
00:17:22.504 --> 00:17:26.045
<00:17:22.503>The <00:17:22.678>lead <00:17:22.853>had <00:17:23.029>limited <00:17:23.204>authority, <00:17:23.378>quality <00:17:23.553>suffered, <00:17:23.728>feedback <00:17:23.904>got

294
00:17:26.124 --> 00:17:30.064
<00:17:26.124>weaker, <00:17:26.251>and <00:17:26.378>the <00:17:26.505>response <00:17:26.633>from <00:17:26.760>above <00:17:26.887>was <00:17:27.014>often <00:17:27.142>more <00:17:27.269>pressure, <00:17:27.396>more <00:17:27.524>control,

295
00:17:30.244 --> 00:17:30.904
<00:17:30.244>more <00:17:30.838>measurement.

296
00:17:32.904 --> 00:17:34.854
<00:17:32.904>This <00:17:33.104>is <00:17:33.304>the <00:17:33.504>loop <00:17:33.704>that <00:17:33.904>kills <00:17:34.104>software <00:17:34.304>teams,

297
00:17:36.204 --> 00:17:38.684
<00:17:36.204>and <00:17:36.359>I <00:17:36.515>want <00:17:36.670>to <00:17:36.826>make <00:17:36.981>the <00:17:37.137>core <00:17:37.292>point <00:17:37.448>very <00:17:37.604>clear.

298
00:17:40.224 --> 00:17:44.124
<00:17:40.224>Every <00:17:40.424>leadership <00:17:40.624>decision <00:17:40.823>eventually <00:17:41.024>becomes <00:17:41.224>a <00:17:41.424>technical <00:17:41.624>decision.

299
00:17:45.404 --> 00:17:48.984
<00:17:45.404>When <00:17:45.579>you <00:17:45.754>set <00:17:45.929>an <00:17:46.104>unrealistic <00:17:46.279>deadline, <00:17:46.454>engineers <00:17:46.629>cut <00:17:46.804>corners.

300
00:17:49.604 --> 00:17:51.424
<00:17:49.604>Those <00:17:49.954>corners <00:17:50.304>become <00:17:50.654>technical <00:17:51.004>debt.

301
00:17:51.954 --> 00:17:55.564
<00:17:51.954>That <00:17:52.081>debt <00:17:52.208>slows <00:17:52.335>the <00:17:52.463>next <00:17:52.590>release. <00:17:52.717>Then <00:17:52.844>the <00:17:52.972>next <00:17:53.099>deadline <00:17:53.226>becomes <00:17:53.354>even

302
00:17:55.604 --> 00:17:57.984
<00:17:55.604>harder. <00:17:55.837>So <00:17:56.070>the <00:17:56.304>team <00:17:56.537>cuts <00:17:56.770>more <00:17:57.004>corners.

303
00:17:58.324 --> 00:18:02.284
<00:17:58.324>That <00:17:58.417>is <00:17:58.510>not <00:17:58.604>a <00:17:58.697>technical <00:17:58.790>loop. <00:17:58.884>That <00:17:58.977>is <00:17:59.070>a <00:17:59.164>leadership <00:17:59.257>loop <00:17:59.350>that <00:17:59.444>shows <00:17:59.537>up <00:17:59.630>in <00:17:59.724>the

304
00:18:02.344 --> 00:18:02.624
code.

305
00:18:04.724 --> 00:18:08.614
<00:18:04.724>When <00:18:04.899>you <00:18:05.073>make <00:18:05.249>raising <00:18:05.424>problems <00:18:05.599>dangerous, <00:18:05.774>engineers <00:18:05.948>stop <00:18:06.124>raising

306
00:18:08.644 --> 00:18:12.404
<00:18:08.644>problems, <00:18:08.799>and <00:18:08.955>problems <00:18:09.110>that <00:18:09.266>are <00:18:09.421>not <00:18:09.577>raised <00:18:09.732>become <00:18:09.888>security <00:18:10.044>risks.

307
00:18:12.454 --> 00:18:16.304
<00:18:12.454>Architecture <00:18:12.654>mistakes, <00:18:12.854>bugs <00:18:13.053>that <00:18:13.254>stay <00:18:13.454>in <00:18:13.654>production, <00:18:13.854>incidents

308
00:18:16.364 --> 00:18:17.244
<00:18:16.364>waiting <00:18:16.760>to <00:18:17.156>happen.

309
00:18:18.444 --> 00:18:22.234
<00:18:18.444>When <00:18:18.560>you <00:18:18.677>control <00:18:18.793>and <00:18:18.910>measure <00:18:19.027>people <00:18:19.144>instead <00:18:19.260>of <00:18:19.377>trusting <00:18:19.494>them, <00:18:19.610>you <00:18:19.727>get <00:18:19.844>the

310
00:18:22.324 --> 00:18:25.784
<00:18:22.324>team <00:18:22.440>that <00:18:22.557>looks <00:18:22.674>efficient <00:18:22.790>on <00:18:22.907>paper <00:18:23.024>and <00:18:23.140>produces <00:18:23.257>systems <00:18:23.374>that <00:18:23.490>are <00:18:23.607>hard <00:18:23.724>to

311
00:18:25.824 --> 00:18:26.564
maintain

312
00:18:27.728 --> 00:18:31.208
<00:18:27.728>These <00:18:27.868>are <00:18:28.008>not <00:18:28.148>soft <00:18:28.288>issues. <00:18:28.428>They <00:18:28.568>are <00:18:28.708>not <00:18:28.848>separate <00:18:28.988>from <00:18:29.128>engineering.

313
00:18:31.848 --> 00:18:32.688
<00:18:31.848>They <00:18:32.037>are <00:18:32.226>in <00:18:32.415>your <00:18:32.604>code.

314
00:18:33.528 --> 00:18:35.288
<00:18:33.528>They <00:18:33.808>are <00:18:34.088>in <00:18:34.368>your <00:18:34.648>incident <00:18:34.928>reports.

315
00:18:35.388 --> 00:18:37.928
<00:18:35.388>They <00:18:35.528>are <00:18:35.668>in <00:18:35.808>your <00:18:35.947>production <00:18:36.088>outages <00:18:36.227>at <00:18:36.368>2:00 <00:18:36.507>in <00:18:36.648>the <00:18:36.788>morning.

316
00:18:39.768 --> 00:18:43.648
<00:18:39.768>But <00:18:39.875>before <00:18:39.983>we <00:18:40.091>move <00:18:40.198>to <00:18:40.306>what <00:18:40.414>good <00:18:40.521>leadership <00:18:40.629>looks <00:18:40.737>like, <00:18:40.844>I <00:18:40.952>want <00:18:41.060>to <00:18:41.168>talk

317
00:18:43.727 --> 00:18:45.628
<00:18:43.727>about <00:18:44.077>one <00:18:44.427>more <00:18:44.777>thing, <00:18:45.127>pressure.

318
00:18:46.568 --> 00:18:49.588
<00:18:46.568>Because <00:18:46.743>pressure <00:18:46.918>is <00:18:47.093>real. <00:18:47.268>It <00:18:47.443>is <00:18:47.618>part <00:18:47.793>of <00:18:47.968>business.

319
00:18:49.688 --> 00:18:53.028
<00:18:49.688>The <00:18:49.828>question <00:18:49.968>is <00:18:50.108>not <00:18:50.248>whether <00:18:50.388>pressure <00:18:50.528>exists, <00:18:50.668>the <00:18:50.808>question <00:18:50.948>is <00:18:51.088>what

320
00:18:53.128 --> 00:18:54.368
<00:18:53.128>leadership <00:18:53.500>does <00:18:53.871>with <00:18:54.244>it.

321
00:18:57.628 --> 00:18:59.148
<00:18:57.628>Pressure <00:18:57.901>itself <00:18:58.175>is <00:18:58.448>not <00:18:58.722>the <00:18:58.995>problem.

322
00:19:00.188 --> 00:19:03.848
<00:19:00.188>Software <00:19:00.328>teams <00:19:00.468>can <00:19:00.608>handle <00:19:00.748>pressure. <00:19:00.888>Good <00:19:01.028>teams <00:19:01.168>often <00:19:01.308>want <00:19:01.448>meaningful <00:19:01.588>pressure.

323
00:19:03.928 --> 00:19:06.548
<00:19:03.928>They <00:19:04.128>want <00:19:04.328>to <00:19:04.528>know <00:19:04.728>that <00:19:04.928>their <00:19:05.128>work <00:19:05.328>matters.

324
00:19:07.508 --> 00:19:10.888
<00:19:07.508>And <00:19:07.635>to <00:19:07.762>be <00:19:07.889>clear, <00:19:08.017>this <00:19:08.144>is <00:19:08.271>not <00:19:08.398>about <00:19:08.526>bad <00:19:08.653>leaders <00:19:08.780>and <00:19:08.908>innocent

325
00:19:10.948 --> 00:19:13.008
<00:19:10.948>engineers. <00:19:11.228>That <00:19:11.508>would <00:19:11.788>be <00:19:12.068>too <00:19:12.348>simple.

326
00:19:13.988 --> 00:19:17.208
<00:19:13.988>I <00:19:14.088>say <00:19:14.188>this <00:19:14.288>because <00:19:14.388>many <00:19:14.488>of <00:19:14.588>us <00:19:14.688>have <00:19:14.788>been <00:19:14.888>on <00:19:14.988>both <00:19:15.088>sides <00:19:15.188>of <00:19:15.288>this <00:19:15.388>situation.

327
00:19:17.748 --> 00:19:21.288
<00:19:17.748>We <00:19:17.848>have <00:19:17.948>felt <00:19:18.048>pressure <00:19:18.148>from <00:19:18.248>above, <00:19:18.348>and <00:19:18.448>at <00:19:18.548>some <00:19:18.648>point, <00:19:18.748>we <00:19:18.848>may <00:19:18.948>also <00:19:19.048>have <00:19:19.148>passed

328
00:19:21.348 --> 00:19:24.228
<00:19:21.348>pressure <00:19:21.548>down. <00:19:21.748>Most <00:19:21.947>leaders <00:19:22.148>are <00:19:22.348>under <00:19:22.548>pressure, <00:19:22.748>too.

329
00:19:24.788 --> 00:19:27.388
<00:19:24.788>Customers <00:19:25.021>are <00:19:25.254>waiting. <00:19:25.488>Sales <00:19:25.721>has <00:19:25.954>made <00:19:26.188>commitments.

330
00:19:27.828 --> 00:19:30.848
<00:19:27.828>Budgets <00:19:28.028>are <00:19:28.228>limited. <00:19:28.428>The <00:19:28.628>market <00:19:28.828>moves. <00:19:29.028>Competitors <00:19:29.228>move.

331
00:19:31.488 --> 00:19:34.568
<00:19:31.488>Sometimes <00:19:31.615>a <00:19:31.742>company <00:19:31.869>really <00:19:31.997>does <00:19:32.124>need <00:19:32.251>to <00:19:32.378>deliver <00:19:32.506>something <00:19:32.633>by <00:19:32.760>a <00:19:32.888>certain

332
00:19:34.588 --> 00:19:38.328
<00:19:34.588>date. <00:19:34.763>The <00:19:34.937>problem <00:19:35.113>is <00:19:35.288>what <00:19:35.463>happens <00:19:35.638>when <00:19:35.812>pressure <00:19:35.988>is

333
00:19:38.348 --> 00:19:41.828
<00:19:38.348>passed <00:19:38.548>down <00:19:38.748>without <00:19:38.947>context, <00:19:39.148>without <00:19:39.348>authority, <00:19:39.548>and <00:19:39.748>without

334
00:19:41.948 --> 00:19:45.868
<00:19:41.948>trade-offs. <00:19:42.064>Because <00:19:42.181>pressure <00:19:42.298>does <00:19:42.414>not <00:19:42.531>disappear <00:19:42.648>when <00:19:42.764>you <00:19:42.881>pass <00:19:42.998>it <00:19:43.114>to <00:19:43.231>a <00:19:43.348>team.

335
00:19:45.968 --> 00:19:46.928
<00:19:45.968>It <00:19:46.831>transforms.

336
00:19:47.868 --> 00:19:50.568
<00:19:47.868>If <00:19:48.023>you <00:19:48.179>pass <00:19:48.334>pressure <00:19:48.490>down <00:19:48.645>without <00:19:48.801>clarity, <00:19:48.956>it <00:19:49.112>becomes <00:19:49.268>confusion.

337
00:19:50.828 --> 00:19:54.187
<00:19:50.828>If <00:19:50.968>you <00:19:51.108>pass <00:19:51.248>pressure <00:19:51.388>down <00:19:51.528>without <00:19:51.668>trade-offs, <00:19:51.808>it <00:19:51.947>becomes <00:19:52.088>technical <00:19:52.228>debt.

338
00:19:54.708 --> 00:19:57.888
<00:19:54.708>If <00:19:54.863>you <00:19:55.019>pass <00:19:55.174>pressure <00:19:55.330>down <00:19:55.485>without <00:19:55.641>safety, <00:19:55.796>it <00:19:55.952>becomes <00:19:56.108>silence.

339
00:19:57.948 --> 00:20:01.768
<00:19:57.948>If <00:19:58.123>you <00:19:58.298>pass <00:19:58.473>pressure <00:19:58.648>down <00:19:58.823>without <00:19:58.998>authority, <00:19:59.173>it <00:19:59.348>becomes

340
00:20:01.888 --> 00:20:02.608
frustration.

341
00:20:03.628 --> 00:20:07.148
<00:20:03.628>And <00:20:03.744>then <00:20:03.861>the <00:20:03.977>organization <00:20:04.094>is <00:20:04.211>surprised <00:20:04.328>when <00:20:04.444>the <00:20:04.561>code <00:20:04.678>base <00:20:04.794>starts <00:20:04.911>to <00:20:05.028>show

342
00:20:07.188 --> 00:20:08.488
<00:20:07.188>exactly <00:20:07.773>those <00:20:08.358>symptoms.

343
00:20:09.448 --> 00:20:12.588
<00:20:09.448>This <00:20:09.575>is <00:20:09.702>one <00:20:09.829>of <00:20:09.957>the <00:20:10.084>biggest <00:20:10.211>differences <00:20:10.338>between <00:20:10.466>weak <00:20:10.593>and <00:20:10.720>strong <00:20:10.848>engineering

344
00:20:12.628 --> 00:20:15.628
<00:20:12.628>leadership. <00:20:12.908>Weak <00:20:13.187>leadership <00:20:13.467>passes <00:20:13.747>pressure <00:20:14.028>down.

345
00:20:16.208 --> 00:20:18.568
<00:20:16.208>Strong <00:20:16.674>leadership <00:20:17.141>translates <00:20:17.608>pressure.

346
00:20:19.378 --> 00:20:23.188
<00:20:19.378>It <00:20:19.485>says <00:20:19.593>what <00:20:19.701>matters <00:20:19.808>most, <00:20:19.916>what <00:20:20.024>can <00:20:20.131>wait, <00:20:20.239>what <00:20:20.347>are <00:20:20.454>we <00:20:20.562>willing <00:20:20.670>to <00:20:20.778>cut,

347
00:20:23.768 --> 00:20:27.668
<00:20:23.768>which <00:20:23.875>risks <00:20:23.983>are <00:20:24.091>we <00:20:24.198>accepting <00:20:24.306>consciously, <00:20:24.414>who <00:20:24.521>needs <00:20:24.629>to <00:20:24.737>be <00:20:24.844>part <00:20:24.952>of <00:20:25.060>this <00:20:25.168>decision

348
00:20:27.728 --> 00:20:28.528
<00:20:27.728>before <00:20:28.088>it <00:20:28.448>comes

349
00:20:29.608 --> 00:20:30.068
deadline.

350
00:20:30.948 --> 00:20:34.568
<00:20:30.948>That <00:20:31.088>does <00:20:31.228>not <00:20:31.368>remove <00:20:31.508>pressure, <00:20:31.648>but <00:20:31.788>it <00:20:31.928>turns <00:20:32.068>pressure <00:20:32.208>into <00:20:32.348>clarity,

351
00:20:35.528 --> 00:20:38.188
<00:20:35.528>and <00:20:35.728>clarity <00:20:35.928>is <00:20:36.128>something <00:20:36.328>teams <00:20:36.528>can <00:20:36.728>work <00:20:36.928>with.

352
00:20:39.048 --> 00:20:41.608
<00:20:39.048>This <00:20:39.188>brings <00:20:39.328>us <00:20:39.468>back <00:20:39.608>to <00:20:39.748>the <00:20:39.888>AI <00:20:40.028>point <00:20:40.168>from <00:20:40.308>the <00:20:40.448>beginning.

353
00:20:42.068 --> 00:20:44.248
<00:20:42.068>AI <00:20:42.301>does <00:20:42.534>not <00:20:42.768>make <00:20:43.001>leadership <00:20:43.234>less <00:20:43.468>important.

354
00:20:44.468 --> 00:20:48.268
<00:20:44.468>It <00:20:44.608>makes <00:20:44.748>it <00:20:44.888>more <00:20:45.028>important. <00:20:45.168>AI <00:20:45.308>will <00:20:45.448>get <00:20:45.588>better <00:20:45.728>at <00:20:45.868>writing

355
00:20:48.308 --> 00:20:52.228
<00:20:48.308>code, <00:20:48.435>reviewing <00:20:48.562>it, <00:20:48.689>finding <00:20:48.817>bugs. <00:20:48.944>The <00:20:49.071>execution <00:20:49.198>layer <00:20:49.326>will <00:20:49.453>change <00:20:49.580>a <00:20:49.708>lot.

356
00:20:52.928 --> 00:20:56.588
<00:20:52.928>But <00:20:53.102>AI <00:20:53.277>does <00:20:53.453>not <00:20:53.628>translate <00:20:53.803>organizational <00:20:53.977>pressure <00:20:54.152>into <00:20:54.328>clarity.

357
00:20:57.388 --> 00:21:01.088
<00:20:57.388>It <00:20:57.481>does <00:20:57.574>not <00:20:57.668>decide <00:20:57.761>what <00:20:57.854>should <00:20:57.947>be <00:20:58.041>cut. <00:20:58.134>It <00:20:58.227>does <00:20:58.321>not <00:20:58.414>decide <00:20:58.507>which <00:20:58.601>risk <00:20:58.694>is <00:20:58.788>acceptable.

358
00:21:01.368 --> 00:21:04.428
<00:21:01.368>It <00:21:01.484>does <00:21:01.601>not <00:21:01.717>decide <00:21:01.834>who <00:21:01.951>needs <00:21:02.068>to <00:21:02.184>be <00:21:02.301>here <00:21:02.418>before <00:21:02.534>it <00:21:02.651>is <00:21:02.768>too

359
00:21:04.508 --> 00:21:08.288
<00:21:04.508>late. <00:21:04.708>That <00:21:04.908>is <00:21:05.108>our <00:21:05.308>work. <00:21:05.508>The <00:21:05.708>only <00:21:05.908>question

360
00:21:08.348 --> 00:21:09.928
<00:21:08.348>is <00:21:08.628>whether <00:21:08.908>we <00:21:09.187>do <00:21:09.467>it <00:21:09.748>well.

361
00:21:11.828 --> 00:21:15.248
<00:21:11.828>After <00:21:11.935>those <00:21:12.043>experiences, <00:21:12.151>I <00:21:12.258>spend <00:21:12.366>a <00:21:12.474>lot <00:21:12.581>of <00:21:12.689>time <00:21:12.797>thinking <00:21:12.904>about <00:21:13.012>what <00:21:13.120>kind <00:21:13.228>of

362
00:21:15.288 --> 00:21:18.988
<00:21:15.288>environment <00:21:15.521>actually <00:21:15.754>helps <00:21:15.988>teams <00:21:16.221>build <00:21:16.454>good <00:21:16.688>software.

363
00:21:19.508 --> 00:21:22.698
<00:21:19.508>Let <00:21:19.663>me <00:21:19.819>share <00:21:19.974>three <00:21:20.130>principles. <00:21:20.285>Not <00:21:20.441>a <00:21:20.596>full <00:21:20.752>framework, <00:21:20.908>just

364
00:21:23.068 --> 00:21:25.988
<00:21:23.068>practical <00:21:23.301>leadership <00:21:23.534>habits <00:21:23.768>I <00:21:24.001>try <00:21:24.234>to <00:21:24.468>practice.

365
00:21:30.288 --> 00:21:32.928
<00:21:30.288>First <00:21:30.568>point, <00:21:30.848>give <00:21:31.128>problems, <00:21:31.408>not <00:21:31.688>instructions.

366
00:21:33.468 --> 00:21:37.088
<00:21:33.468>When <00:21:33.545>I <00:21:33.623>bring <00:21:33.701>work <00:21:33.779>to <00:21:33.856>a <00:21:33.934>team, <00:21:34.012>I <00:21:34.090>try <00:21:34.168>not <00:21:34.245>to <00:21:34.323>walk <00:21:34.401>in <00:21:34.479>with <00:21:34.556>a <00:21:34.634>fixed <00:21:34.712>solution <00:21:34.790>and <00:21:34.868>say,

367
00:21:37.328 --> 00:21:40.608
<00:21:37.328>"Build <00:21:37.421>this." <00:21:37.514>I <00:21:37.608>try <00:21:37.701>to <00:21:37.794>walk <00:21:37.888>in <00:21:37.981>with <00:21:38.074>a <00:21:38.168>problem. <00:21:38.261>What <00:21:38.354>are <00:21:38.447>we <00:21:38.541>trying <00:21:38.634>to <00:21:38.728>solve?

368
00:21:41.188 --> 00:21:44.288
<00:21:41.188>Who <00:21:41.315>is <00:21:41.442>affected? <00:21:41.569>Why <00:21:41.697>does <00:21:41.824>it <00:21:41.951>matter? <00:21:42.078>What <00:21:42.206>does <00:21:42.333>success <00:21:42.460>look <00:21:42.588>like?

369
00:21:44.348 --> 00:21:48.268
<00:21:44.348>What <00:21:44.503>are <00:21:44.659>the <00:21:44.814>constraints? <00:21:44.970>Then <00:21:45.125>the <00:21:45.281>engineers <00:21:45.436>help <00:21:45.592>decide <00:21:45.748>how.

370
00:21:49.228 --> 00:21:52.248
<00:21:49.228>This <00:21:49.383>sounds <00:21:49.539>obvious, <00:21:49.694>but <00:21:49.850>many <00:21:50.005>teams <00:21:50.161>receive <00:21:50.316>solutions, <00:21:50.472>not <00:21:50.628>problems.

371
00:21:52.808 --> 00:21:56.008
<00:21:52.808>We <00:21:52.924>need <00:21:53.041>a <00:21:53.158>new <00:21:53.274>API. <00:21:53.391>We <00:21:53.508>need <00:21:53.624>this <00:21:53.741>framework. <00:21:53.858>We <00:21:53.974>need <00:21:54.091>this <00:21:54.208>screen.

372
00:21:56.048 --> 00:21:57.588
<00:21:56.048>We <00:21:56.279>need <00:21:56.510>this <00:21:56.741>feature <00:21:56.972>exactly <00:21:57.203>like <00:21:57.434>this.

373
00:21:58.048 --> 00:22:00.188
<00:21:58.048>The <00:21:58.281>thinking <00:21:58.514>has <00:21:58.748>already <00:21:58.981>happened <00:21:59.214>somewhere <00:21:59.448>else.

374
00:22:00.428 --> 00:22:02.208
<00:22:00.428>The <00:22:00.708>engineers <00:22:00.988>just <00:22:01.268>have <00:22:01.548>to <00:22:01.828>execute.

375
00:22:02.748 --> 00:22:06.388
<00:22:02.748>When <00:22:02.855>you <00:22:02.963>hand <00:22:03.071>people <00:22:03.178>only <00:22:03.286>solutions, <00:22:03.394>you <00:22:03.501>remove <00:22:03.609>most <00:22:03.717>value <00:22:03.824>parts <00:22:03.932>of <00:22:04.040>their <00:22:04.148>job,

376
00:22:06.768 --> 00:22:07.448
<00:22:06.768>their <00:22:07.380>thinking.

377
00:22:08.268 --> 00:22:10.848
<00:22:08.268>You <00:22:08.501>turn <00:22:08.734>them <00:22:08.968>into <00:22:09.201>very <00:22:09.434>expensive <00:22:09.668>keyboards.

378
00:22:11.848 --> 00:22:14.188
<00:22:11.848>And <00:22:12.081>expensive <00:22:12.314>keyboards <00:22:12.548>over <00:22:12.781>time <00:22:13.014>stop <00:22:13.248>caring.

379
00:22:14.848 --> 00:22:17.768
<00:22:14.848>They <00:22:14.975>stop <00:22:15.102>owning <00:22:15.229>the <00:22:15.357>problem, <00:22:15.484>they <00:22:15.611>do <00:22:15.738>the <00:22:15.866>work <00:22:15.993>and <00:22:16.120>move <00:22:16.248>on.

380
00:22:18.228 --> 00:22:20.648
<00:22:18.228>When <00:22:18.403>you <00:22:18.578>give <00:22:18.753>people <00:22:18.928>a <00:22:19.103>problem, <00:22:19.278>something <00:22:19.453>different <00:22:19.628>happens.

381
00:22:20.928 --> 00:22:24.288
<00:22:20.928>They <00:22:21.068>engage, <00:22:21.208>they <00:22:21.348>ask <00:22:21.488>better <00:22:21.628>questions, <00:22:21.768>they <00:22:21.908>argue <00:22:22.048>about <00:22:22.188>the <00:22:22.328>approach.

382
00:22:24.368 --> 00:22:26.428
<00:22:24.368>They <00:22:24.543>bring <00:22:24.717>ideas <00:22:24.893>you <00:22:25.068>would <00:22:25.243>not <00:22:25.418>have <00:22:25.592>had <00:22:25.768>yourself.

383
00:22:27.288 --> 00:22:29.848
<00:22:27.288>And <00:22:27.463>when <00:22:27.638>they <00:22:27.813>build <00:22:27.988>a <00:22:28.163>solution, <00:22:28.338>they <00:22:28.513>own <00:22:28.688>it.

384
00:22:30.168 --> 00:22:33.668
<00:22:30.168>That <00:22:30.368>ownership <00:22:30.568>is <00:22:30.767>worth <00:22:30.967>more <00:22:31.168>than <00:22:31.368>almost <00:22:31.568>any

385
00:22:33.708 --> 00:22:34.828
<00:22:33.708>process <00:22:34.716>improvement.

386
00:22:36.048 --> 00:22:39.728
<00:22:36.048>So <00:22:36.155>if <00:22:36.263>you <00:22:36.371>lead <00:22:36.478>a <00:22:36.586>team, <00:22:36.694>do <00:22:36.801>not <00:22:36.909>only <00:22:37.017>ask, <00:22:37.124>"Did <00:22:37.232>I <00:22:37.340>explain <00:22:37.448>the

387
00:22:39.808 --> 00:22:43.587
<00:22:39.808>task <00:22:39.983>clearly?" <00:22:40.158>Ask, <00:22:40.333>"Did <00:22:40.508>I <00:22:40.683>give <00:22:40.858>them <00:22:41.033>enough <00:22:41.208>context

388
00:22:43.808 --> 00:22:44.228
<00:22:43.808>to <00:22:44.186>think?"

389
00:22:46.168 --> 00:22:46.608
<00:22:46.168>Number <00:22:46.563>two,

390
00:22:47.527 --> 00:22:50.268
<00:22:47.527>negotiate <00:22:47.807>timelines. <00:22:48.087>Do <00:22:48.367>not <00:22:48.647>announce <00:22:48.927>them.

391
00:22:51.088 --> 00:22:54.668
<00:22:51.088>I <00:22:51.175>have <00:22:51.263>a <00:22:51.350>personal <00:22:51.437>rule. <00:22:51.525>I <00:22:51.613>do <00:22:51.700>not <00:22:51.788>agree <00:22:51.875>to <00:22:51.963>a <00:22:52.050>deadline <00:22:52.138>on <00:22:52.225>behalf <00:22:52.312>of <00:22:52.400>my <00:22:52.488>team

392
00:22:54.708 --> 00:22:56.948
<00:22:54.708>without <00:22:54.908>the <00:22:55.108>team <00:22:55.308>being <00:22:55.508>part <00:22:55.708>of <00:22:55.908>the <00:22:56.108>conversation.

393
00:22:57.728 --> 00:23:00.728
<00:22:57.728>Business <00:22:58.078>reality <00:22:58.428>exists. <00:22:58.778>Clients <00:22:59.128>exist.

394
00:23:01.008 --> 00:23:04.828
<00:23:01.008>Market <00:23:01.148>windows <00:23:01.288>exist. <00:23:01.428>Sometimes <00:23:01.568>leadership <00:23:01.708>needs <00:23:01.848>to <00:23:01.988>say, <00:23:02.128>"We <00:23:02.268>need <00:23:02.408>this

395
00:23:04.908 --> 00:23:06.548
<00:23:04.908>by <00:23:05.141>a <00:23:05.374>certain <00:23:05.608>date." <00:23:05.841>I <00:23:06.074>understand <00:23:06.308>that.

396
00:23:07.228 --> 00:23:10.728
<00:23:07.228>But <00:23:07.344>even <00:23:07.461>then, <00:23:07.578>my <00:23:07.694>job <00:23:07.811>is <00:23:07.928>to <00:23:08.044>bring <00:23:08.161>that <00:23:08.278>constraint <00:23:08.394>to <00:23:08.511>the <00:23:08.628>team

397
00:23:11.108 --> 00:23:14.808
<00:23:11.108>openly. <00:23:11.283>What <00:23:11.457>can <00:23:11.633>we <00:23:11.808>realistically <00:23:11.983>deliver <00:23:12.158>by <00:23:12.332>that <00:23:12.508>date?

398
00:23:15.028 --> 00:23:18.448
<00:23:15.028>What <00:23:15.144>do <00:23:15.261>we <00:23:15.378>cut? <00:23:15.494>What <00:23:15.611>are <00:23:15.728>the <00:23:15.844>risks? <00:23:15.961>What <00:23:16.078>are <00:23:16.194>we <00:23:16.311>trading <00:23:16.428>off?

399
00:23:18.488 --> 00:23:20.078
<00:23:18.488>And <00:23:18.838>then <00:23:19.188>we <00:23:19.538>decide <00:23:19.888>together.

400
00:23:20.888 --> 00:23:23.488
<00:23:20.888>Sometimes <00:23:21.062>I <00:23:21.237>push. <00:23:21.413>That <00:23:21.588>is <00:23:21.763>part <00:23:21.937>of <00:23:22.112>leadership, <00:23:22.288>too.

401
00:23:24.088 --> 00:23:27.588
<00:23:24.088>Sometimes <00:23:24.195>the <00:23:24.303>business <00:23:24.411>need <00:23:24.518>is <00:23:24.626>real, <00:23:24.734>and <00:23:24.841>I <00:23:24.949>have <00:23:25.057>to <00:23:25.164>ask <00:23:25.272>the <00:23:25.380>team <00:23:25.488>to

402
00:23:27.648 --> 00:23:31.448
<00:23:27.648>stretch. <00:23:27.803>But <00:23:27.959>I <00:23:28.114>do <00:23:28.270>it <00:23:28.425>openly, <00:23:28.581>not <00:23:28.736>behind <00:23:28.892>their <00:23:29.048>backs.

403
00:23:32.028 --> 00:23:35.928
<00:23:32.028>The <00:23:32.155>difference <00:23:32.282>between <00:23:32.409>challenging <00:23:32.537>a <00:23:32.664>team <00:23:32.791>and <00:23:32.918>betraying <00:23:33.046>a <00:23:33.173>team <00:23:33.300>is <00:23:33.428>transparency.

404
00:23:36.548 --> 00:23:40.028
<00:23:36.548>If <00:23:36.664>the <00:23:36.781>pressure <00:23:36.898>is <00:23:37.014>visible <00:23:37.131>and <00:23:37.248>shared, <00:23:37.364>the <00:23:37.481>team <00:23:37.598>can <00:23:37.714>work <00:23:37.831>with <00:23:37.948>it.

405
00:23:40.568 --> 00:23:43.768
<00:23:40.568>If <00:23:40.723>it <00:23:40.879>appears <00:23:41.034>as <00:23:41.190>a <00:23:41.345>done <00:23:41.501>deal, <00:23:41.656>it <00:23:41.812>becomes <00:23:41.968>damage.

406
00:23:44.548 --> 00:23:48.488
<00:23:44.548>A <00:23:44.703>negotiated <00:23:44.859>timeline <00:23:45.014>may <00:23:45.170>still <00:23:45.325>be <00:23:45.481>hard, <00:23:45.636>but <00:23:45.792>an <00:23:45.948>unannounced

407
00:23:48.568 --> 00:23:52.188
<00:23:48.568>timeline <00:23:48.723>often <00:23:48.879>turns <00:23:49.034>into <00:23:49.190>debt <00:23:49.345>before <00:23:49.501>the <00:23:49.656>work <00:23:49.812>even <00:23:49.968>start.

408
00:23:57.468 --> 00:24:01.008
<00:23:57.468>Number <00:23:57.748>three, <00:23:58.028>design <00:23:58.308>for <00:23:58.588>humans, <00:23:58.868>not

409
00:24:01.268 --> 00:24:02.028
resources.

410
00:24:03.008 --> 00:24:06.528
<00:24:03.008>We <00:24:03.148>often <00:24:03.288>use <00:24:03.428>the <00:24:03.568>word <00:24:03.708>resources <00:24:03.848>in <00:24:03.988>business. <00:24:04.128>I <00:24:04.268>understand <00:24:04.408>why.

411
00:24:07.028 --> 00:24:10.288
<00:24:07.028>It <00:24:07.228>is <00:24:07.428>convenient. <00:24:07.628>But <00:24:07.828>engineers <00:24:08.028>are <00:24:08.228>not <00:24:08.428>resources.

412
00:24:11.028 --> 00:24:11.708
<00:24:11.028>They <00:24:11.334>are <00:24:11.640>people.

413
00:24:12.628 --> 00:24:16.528
<00:24:12.628>People <00:24:12.783>with <00:24:12.939>context, <00:24:13.094>people <00:24:13.250>with <00:24:13.405>judgment, <00:24:13.561>people <00:24:13.716>with <00:24:13.872>limits, <00:24:14.028>people

414
00:24:16.608 --> 00:24:17.248
<00:24:16.608>with <00:24:17.184>families,

415
00:24:18.148 --> 00:24:20.928
<00:24:18.148>health, <00:24:18.497>ambition, <00:24:18.848>fear, <00:24:19.197>pride, <00:24:19.548>creativity.

416
00:24:22.188 --> 00:24:25.668
<00:24:22.188>This <00:24:22.304>third <00:24:22.421>principle <00:24:22.538>also <00:24:22.654>connects <00:24:22.771>back <00:24:22.888>to <00:24:23.004>the <00:24:23.121>AI <00:24:23.238>point <00:24:23.354>from <00:24:23.471>the <00:24:23.588>beginning.

417
00:24:26.648 --> 00:24:30.128
<00:24:26.648>AI <00:24:26.775>is <00:24:26.902>making <00:24:27.029>this <00:24:27.157>even <00:24:27.284>clearer. <00:24:27.411>If <00:24:27.538>what <00:24:27.666>you <00:24:27.793>want <00:24:27.920>is <00:24:28.048>fast

418
00:24:30.188 --> 00:24:31.528
<00:24:30.188>execution <00:24:30.590>of <00:24:30.992>defined <00:24:31.394>tasks

419
00:24:32.456 --> 00:24:36.036
<00:24:32.456>AI <00:24:32.572>will <00:24:32.689>get <00:24:32.805>very <00:24:32.922>good <00:24:33.039>at <00:24:33.156>that. <00:24:33.272>It <00:24:33.389>is <00:24:33.505>very <00:24:33.622>good <00:24:33.739>at <00:24:33.856>that

420
00:24:36.096 --> 00:24:38.466
<00:24:36.096>already, <00:24:36.296>maybe <00:24:36.496>better <00:24:36.696>than <00:24:36.896>people <00:24:37.096>in <00:24:37.296>many <00:24:37.496>cases.

421
00:24:39.216 --> 00:24:41.276
<00:24:39.216>But <00:24:39.565>people <00:24:39.916>bring <00:24:40.265>something <00:24:40.616>different.

422
00:24:42.396 --> 00:24:45.416
<00:24:42.396>They <00:24:42.596>can <00:24:42.796>care. <00:24:42.995>They <00:24:43.196>can <00:24:43.396>understand <00:24:43.596>messy <00:24:43.796>context.

423
00:24:45.696 --> 00:24:47.056
<00:24:45.696>They <00:24:46.002>can <00:24:46.308>challenge <00:24:46.614>an <00:24:46.920>idea.

424
00:24:47.976 --> 00:24:51.816
<00:24:47.976>They <00:24:48.083>can <00:24:48.191>notice <00:24:48.299>when <00:24:48.406>the <00:24:48.514>plan <00:24:48.622>is <00:24:48.729>wrong, <00:24:48.837>even <00:24:48.945>when <00:24:49.052>the <00:24:49.160>ticket <00:24:49.268>is <00:24:49.376>clear.

425
00:24:52.526 --> 00:24:55.436
<00:24:52.526>Those <00:24:52.759>human <00:24:52.992>abilities <00:24:53.226>need <00:24:53.459>the <00:24:53.692>right <00:24:53.926>environment.

426
00:24:55.776 --> 00:24:58.876
<00:24:55.776>Burnt-out <00:24:56.009>engineers <00:24:56.242>execute. <00:24:56.476>They <00:24:56.709>do <00:24:56.942>not <00:24:57.176>innovate.

427
00:24:59.576 --> 00:25:02.396
<00:24:59.576>Afraid <00:24:59.809>engineers <00:25:00.042>comply. <00:25:00.276>They <00:25:00.509>do <00:25:00.742>not <00:25:00.976>challenge.

428
00:25:03.116 --> 00:25:06.956
<00:25:03.116>Engineers <00:25:03.291>who <00:25:03.466>feel <00:25:03.641>replaceable <00:25:03.816>stop <00:25:03.991>investing <00:25:04.166>in <00:25:04.341>what <00:25:04.516>they

429
00:25:06.996 --> 00:25:07.316
build.

430
00:25:09.316 --> 00:25:13.056
<00:25:09.316>The <00:25:09.432>teams <00:25:09.549>that <00:25:09.666>build <00:25:09.782>remarkable <00:25:09.899>things <00:25:10.016>are <00:25:10.132>teams <00:25:10.249>where <00:25:10.366>people <00:25:10.482>feel <00:25:10.599>they <00:25:10.716>matter,

431
00:25:13.896 --> 00:25:17.716
<00:25:13.896>where <00:25:14.051>ownership <00:25:14.207>is <00:25:14.362>real, <00:25:14.518>where <00:25:14.673>mistakes <00:25:14.829>are <00:25:14.984>survivable, <00:25:15.140>where <00:25:15.296>judgment

432
00:25:17.756 --> 00:25:18.456
<00:25:17.756>is <00:25:18.386>trusted.

433
00:25:19.416 --> 00:25:21.455
<00:25:19.416>That <00:25:19.649>environment <00:25:19.882>does <00:25:20.116>not <00:25:20.349>happen <00:25:20.582>by <00:25:20.816>accident.

434
00:25:22.216 --> 00:25:24.996
<00:25:22.216>It <00:25:22.390>is <00:25:22.565>built <00:25:22.741>through <00:25:22.916>many <00:25:23.091>small <00:25:23.265>leadership <00:25:23.440>decisions <00:25:23.616>over

435
00:25:25.056 --> 00:25:28.956
<00:25:25.056>time. <00:25:25.256>If <00:25:25.456>you <00:25:25.656>lead <00:25:25.856>anyone, <00:25:26.056>building <00:25:26.256>that <00:25:26.456>environment

436
00:25:28.996 --> 00:25:30.376
<00:25:28.996>is <00:25:29.306>part <00:25:29.617>of <00:25:29.927>your <00:25:30.238>job.

437
00:25:33.536 --> 00:25:36.556
<00:25:33.536>Now, <00:25:33.691>let <00:25:33.847>me <00:25:34.002>make <00:25:34.158>this <00:25:34.313>practical <00:25:34.469>for <00:25:34.624>different <00:25:34.780>people <00:25:34.936>watching.

438
00:25:38.116 --> 00:25:41.976
<00:25:38.116>If <00:25:38.223>you <00:25:38.331>are <00:25:38.439>a <00:25:38.546>developer <00:25:38.654>and <00:25:38.762>not <00:25:38.869>in <00:25:38.977>a <00:25:39.085>formal <00:25:39.192>leadership <00:25:39.300>role <00:25:39.408>yet, <00:25:39.516>learn

439
00:25:42.016 --> 00:25:45.756
<00:25:42.016>to <00:25:42.143>name <00:25:42.270>these <00:25:42.397>patterns, <00:25:42.525>not <00:25:42.652>only <00:25:42.779>to <00:25:42.906>complain, <00:25:43.034>although <00:25:43.161>sometimes <00:25:43.288>that <00:25:43.416>is

440
00:25:45.796 --> 00:25:49.216
<00:25:45.796>understandable. <00:25:45.951>The <00:25:46.107>real <00:25:46.262>reason <00:25:46.418>is <00:25:46.573>this: <00:25:46.729>you <00:25:46.884>should <00:25:47.040>not <00:25:47.196>repeat

441
00:25:49.296 --> 00:25:52.856
<00:25:49.296>them <00:25:49.451>when <00:25:49.607>your <00:25:49.762>turn <00:25:49.918>comes. <00:25:50.073>When <00:25:50.229>you <00:25:50.384>receive <00:25:50.540>a <00:25:50.696>task,

442
00:25:53.256 --> 00:25:55.456
<00:25:53.256>ask <00:25:53.411>for <00:25:53.567>the <00:25:53.722>problem <00:25:53.878>behind <00:25:54.033>it. <00:25:54.189>You <00:25:54.344>can <00:25:54.500>simply <00:25:54.656>say,

443
00:25:56.276 --> 00:25:57.636
<00:25:56.276>"I <00:25:56.480>understand <00:25:56.684>what <00:25:56.888>we <00:25:57.092>want <00:25:57.296>to <00:25:57.500>build.

444
00:25:57.716 --> 00:26:01.136
<00:25:57.716>Can <00:25:57.832>you <00:25:57.949>help <00:25:58.065>me <00:25:58.182>understand <00:25:58.299>the <00:25:58.416>problem <00:25:58.532>it <00:25:58.649>solves?" <00:25:58.765>That <00:25:58.882>is <00:25:58.999>not <00:25:59.116>difficult.

445
00:26:01.316 --> 00:26:04.556
<00:26:01.316>That <00:26:01.491>is <00:26:01.666>good <00:26:01.841>engineering. <00:26:02.016>And <00:26:02.191>good <00:26:02.366>leaders <00:26:02.541>respect <00:26:02.716>it.

446
00:26:05.156 --> 00:26:06.916
<00:26:05.156>And <00:26:05.356>if <00:26:05.556>an <00:26:05.755>environment <00:26:05.956>is <00:26:06.156>truly <00:26:06.356>harming <00:26:06.556>you,

447
00:26:07.796 --> 00:26:08.836
<00:26:07.796>protect <00:26:08.732>yourself.

448
00:26:10.396 --> 00:26:13.816
<00:26:10.396>Your <00:26:10.629>health <00:26:10.862>is <00:26:11.096>worth <00:26:11.329>much <00:26:11.562>more <00:26:11.796>than

449
00:26:13.916 --> 00:26:15.396
<00:26:13.916>loyalty <00:26:14.249>to <00:26:14.581>a <00:26:14.915>broken <00:26:15.248>system.

450
00:26:18.016 --> 00:26:21.716
<00:26:18.016>If <00:26:18.132>you're <00:26:18.249>a <00:26:18.366>tech <00:26:18.482>lead <00:26:18.599>or <00:26:18.716>a <00:26:18.832>senior <00:26:18.949>engineer, <00:26:19.066>you <00:26:19.182>already <00:26:19.299>are <00:26:19.416>leading

451
00:26:21.836 --> 00:26:24.486
<00:26:21.836>even <00:26:22.011>without <00:26:22.186>the <00:26:22.361>title. <00:26:22.536>The <00:26:22.711>standards <00:26:22.886>you <00:26:23.061>hold <00:26:23.236>matter.

452
00:26:24.836 --> 00:26:28.686
<00:26:24.836>The <00:26:24.952>questions <00:26:25.069>you <00:26:25.186>ask <00:26:25.302>matter. <00:26:25.419>The <00:26:25.536>way <00:26:25.652>you <00:26:25.769>treat <00:26:25.886>the <00:26:26.002>person <00:26:26.119>next <00:26:26.236>to

453
00:26:28.756 --> 00:26:29.376
<00:26:28.756>you <00:26:29.314>matters.

454
00:26:30.216 --> 00:26:34.076
<00:26:30.216>Be <00:26:30.343>the <00:26:30.470>person <00:26:30.597>who <00:26:30.725>asks <00:26:30.852>whether <00:26:30.979>a <00:26:31.106>deadline <00:26:31.234>is <00:26:31.361>realistic <00:26:31.488>before <00:26:31.616>the

455
00:26:34.096 --> 00:26:36.196
<00:26:34.096>commitment <00:26:34.376>is <00:26:34.656>made, <00:26:34.936>not <00:26:35.216>only <00:26:35.496>after.

456
00:26:36.936 --> 00:26:40.795
<00:26:36.936>Be <00:26:37.052>the <00:26:37.169>person <00:26:37.285>who <00:26:37.402>makes <00:26:37.519>it <00:26:37.636>safe <00:26:37.752>for <00:26:37.869>someone <00:26:37.985>quieter <00:26:38.102>to <00:26:38.219>raise <00:26:38.336>a

457
00:26:40.856 --> 00:26:41.396
concern.

458
00:26:43.566 --> 00:26:46.756
<00:26:43.566>And <00:26:43.693>if <00:26:43.820>you <00:26:43.947>are <00:26:44.075>a <00:26:44.202>formal <00:26:44.329>leader, <00:26:44.456>ask <00:26:44.584>yourself <00:26:44.711>one <00:26:44.838>honest <00:26:44.966>question.

459
00:26:47.576 --> 00:26:51.336
<00:26:47.576>Do <00:26:47.731>the <00:26:47.887>people <00:26:48.042>on <00:26:48.198>my <00:26:48.353>team <00:26:48.509>have <00:26:48.664>authority <00:26:48.820>that <00:26:48.976>matches

460
00:26:51.416 --> 00:26:54.596
<00:26:51.416>their <00:26:51.616>responsibility? <00:26:51.816>Can <00:26:52.015>they <00:26:52.216>push <00:26:52.416>back <00:26:52.616>on <00:26:52.816>a

461
00:26:54.636 --> 00:26:57.576
<00:26:54.636>deadline? <00:26:54.869>Can <00:26:55.102>they <00:26:55.336>question <00:26:55.569>a <00:26:55.802>technical <00:26:56.036>decision?

462
00:26:57.616 --> 00:27:01.046
<00:26:57.616>Can <00:26:57.756>they <00:26:57.896>raise <00:26:58.036>a <00:26:58.176>security <00:26:58.316>concern <00:26:58.456>without <00:26:58.596>being <00:26:58.735>punished <00:26:58.876>for <00:26:59.016>it?

463
00:27:02.276 --> 00:27:04.816
<00:27:02.276>If <00:27:02.403>the <00:27:02.530>answer <00:27:02.657>is <00:27:02.785>no, <00:27:02.912>the <00:27:03.039>problem <00:27:03.166>is <00:27:03.294>not <00:27:03.421>only <00:27:03.548>your <00:27:03.676>team.

464
00:27:05.616 --> 00:27:09.316
<00:27:05.616>It <00:27:05.723>is <00:27:05.831>the <00:27:05.939>system <00:27:06.046>around <00:27:06.154>the <00:27:06.262>team. <00:27:06.369>And <00:27:06.477>if <00:27:06.585>you <00:27:06.692>are <00:27:06.800>the <00:27:06.908>leader, <00:27:07.016>that

465
00:27:09.536 --> 00:27:11.836
<00:27:09.536>system <00:27:09.886>is <00:27:10.236>partly <00:27:10.586>your <00:27:10.936>responsibility.

466
00:27:13.636 --> 00:27:17.576
<00:27:13.636>One <00:27:13.791>more <00:27:13.947>thing <00:27:14.102>on <00:27:14.258>loyalty. <00:27:14.413>If <00:27:14.569>people <00:27:14.724>trust <00:27:14.880>you, <00:27:15.036>follow

467
00:27:17.656 --> 00:27:19.236
<00:27:17.656>you, <00:27:18.122>and <00:27:18.589>advocate <00:27:19.056>you,

468
00:27:20.216 --> 00:27:23.956
<00:27:20.216>that <00:27:20.343>is <00:27:20.470>not <00:27:20.597>a <00:27:20.725>failure. <00:27:20.852>That <00:27:20.979>is <00:27:21.106>often <00:27:21.234>the <00:27:21.361>result <00:27:21.488>of <00:27:21.616>doing

469
00:27:23.996 --> 00:27:27.876
<00:27:23.996>leadership <00:27:24.151>work <00:27:24.307>properly. <00:27:24.462>The <00:27:24.618>goal <00:27:24.773>is <00:27:24.929>not <00:27:25.084>loyalty <00:27:25.240>to <00:27:25.396>you

470
00:27:27.916 --> 00:27:31.516
<00:27:27.916>instead <00:27:28.032>of <00:27:28.149>the <00:27:28.265>company. <00:27:28.382>The <00:27:28.499>goal <00:27:28.616>is <00:27:28.732>an <00:27:28.849>environment <00:27:28.966>where <00:27:29.082>loyalty <00:27:29.199>to <00:27:29.316>the

471
00:27:31.636 --> 00:27:35.516
<00:27:31.636>leader, <00:27:31.791>the <00:27:31.947>team, <00:27:32.102>and <00:27:32.258>the <00:27:32.413>mission <00:27:32.569>all <00:27:32.724>point <00:27:32.880>in <00:27:33.036>the

472
00:27:35.576 --> 00:27:39.496
<00:27:35.576>same <00:27:35.751>direction. <00:27:35.926>That <00:27:36.101>alignment <00:27:36.276>is <00:27:36.451>what <00:27:36.626>strong <00:27:36.801>engineering <00:27:36.976>cultures

473
00:27:39.556 --> 00:27:40.316
<00:27:39.556>are <00:27:39.898>built <00:27:40.240>on.

474
00:27:41.616 --> 00:27:42.636
<00:27:41.616>Let <00:27:41.845>me <00:27:42.075>bring <00:27:42.304>this <00:27:42.533>together.

475
00:27:44.716 --> 00:27:47.536
<00:27:44.716>This <00:27:44.856>brings <00:27:44.995>us <00:27:45.136>back <00:27:45.275>to <00:27:45.416>where <00:27:45.555>we <00:27:45.696>started. <00:27:45.835>AI <00:27:45.976>is <00:27:46.116>here.

476
00:27:47.956 --> 00:27:51.796
<00:27:47.956>It <00:27:48.083>is <00:27:48.210>already <00:27:48.337>changing <00:27:48.465>software <00:27:48.592>development, <00:27:48.719>and <00:27:48.846>still <00:27:48.974>software <00:27:49.101>quality <00:27:49.228>is <00:27:49.356>a

477
00:27:51.856 --> 00:27:52.876
<00:27:51.856>leadership <00:27:52.774>problem

478
00:27:53.736 --> 00:27:57.096
<00:27:53.736>because <00:27:53.891>the <00:27:54.047>question <00:27:54.202>was <00:27:54.358>never <00:27:54.513>only <00:27:54.669>can <00:27:54.824>we <00:27:54.980>build <00:27:55.136>it?

479
00:27:57.876 --> 00:28:01.116
<00:27:57.876>The <00:27:58.031>question <00:27:58.187>was <00:27:58.342>always, <00:27:58.498>are <00:27:58.653>we <00:27:58.809>building <00:27:58.964>the <00:27:59.120>right <00:27:59.276>thing?

480
00:28:01.585 --> 00:28:03.256
<00:28:01.585>Are <00:28:01.785>we <00:28:01.985>building <00:28:02.185>it <00:28:02.385>in <00:28:02.585>the <00:28:02.785>right <00:28:02.985>way?

481
00:28:03.856 --> 00:28:06.976
<00:28:03.856>And <00:28:03.983>are <00:28:04.110>we <00:28:04.237>giving <00:28:04.365>people <00:28:04.492>the <00:28:04.619>room <00:28:04.746>to <00:28:04.874>do <00:28:05.001>their <00:28:05.128>best <00:28:05.256>work?

482
00:28:08.316 --> 00:28:09.816
<00:28:08.316>AI <00:28:08.586>cannot <00:28:08.856>answer <00:28:09.126>that <00:28:09.396>for <00:28:09.666>us.

483
00:28:10.916 --> 00:28:11.636
<00:28:10.916>Only <00:28:11.240>we <00:28:11.563>can.

484
00:28:14.636 --> 00:28:18.456
<00:28:14.636>The <00:28:14.836>best <00:28:15.036>technical <00:28:15.235>leaders <00:28:15.436>I <00:28:15.636>have <00:28:15.836>met <00:28:16.036>understand

485
00:28:18.516 --> 00:28:20.256
<00:28:18.516>something <00:28:18.749>that <00:28:18.982>took <00:28:19.216>me <00:28:19.449>years <00:28:19.682>to <00:28:19.916>believe.

486
00:28:21.056 --> 00:28:24.256
<00:28:21.056>Your <00:28:21.256>most <00:28:21.456>important <00:28:21.656>code <00:28:21.856>is <00:28:22.056>not <00:28:22.256>in <00:28:22.456>any

487
00:28:24.316 --> 00:28:27.256
<00:28:24.316>repository. <00:28:24.549>It <00:28:24.782>is <00:28:25.016>the <00:28:25.249>culture <00:28:25.482>you <00:28:25.716>build.

488
00:28:28.536 --> 00:28:32.256
<00:28:28.536>Every <00:28:28.736>decision <00:28:28.936>about <00:28:29.136>how <00:28:29.336>to <00:28:29.536>treat <00:28:29.736>people <00:28:29.936>is

489
00:28:32.336 --> 00:28:33.606
<00:28:32.336>part <00:28:32.717>of <00:28:33.098>that <00:28:33.479>code.

490
00:28:34.656 --> 00:28:37.396
<00:28:34.656>Every <00:28:34.889>decision <00:28:35.122>about <00:28:35.356>how <00:28:35.589>to <00:28:35.822>set <00:28:36.056>expectation,

491
00:28:38.356 --> 00:28:41.976
<00:28:38.356>how <00:28:38.483>to <00:28:38.610>respond <00:28:38.737>when <00:28:38.865>things <00:28:38.992>go <00:28:39.119>wrong, <00:28:39.246>how <00:28:39.374>to <00:28:39.501>listen <00:28:39.628>when <00:28:39.756>someone

492
00:28:41.996 --> 00:28:45.776
<00:28:41.996>says <00:28:42.136>this <00:28:42.276>will <00:28:42.416>not <00:28:42.556>work, <00:28:42.696>how <00:28:42.836>to <00:28:42.976>react <00:28:43.116>when <00:28:43.256>quality <00:28:43.396>needs

493
00:28:45.876 --> 00:28:49.456
<00:28:45.876>time, <00:28:46.031>how <00:28:46.187>to <00:28:46.342>protect <00:28:46.498>the <00:28:46.653>team <00:28:46.809>from <00:28:46.964>pressure <00:28:47.120>that <00:28:47.276>would

494
00:28:49.676 --> 00:28:51.416
<00:28:49.676>only <00:28:50.376>create <00:28:51.076>damage.

495
00:28:52.436 --> 00:28:55.016
<00:28:52.436>That <00:28:52.610>code <00:28:52.785>runs <00:28:52.961>in <00:28:53.136>the <00:28:53.311>background <00:28:53.485>all <00:28:53.660>that <00:28:53.836>time.

496
00:28:55.696 --> 00:28:59.536
<00:28:55.696>It <00:28:55.851>shapes <00:28:56.007>every <00:28:56.162>line <00:28:56.318>of <00:28:56.473>real <00:28:56.629>code <00:28:56.784>your <00:28:56.940>team <00:28:57.096>writes.

497
00:29:00.696 --> 00:29:01.196
<00:29:00.696>So <00:29:01.146>yes,

498
00:29:02.736 --> 00:29:03.536
<00:29:02.736>write <00:29:03.096>good <00:29:03.456>software.

499
00:29:04.556 --> 00:29:05.276
<00:29:04.556>Use <00:29:04.880>the <00:29:05.204>tools.

500
00:29:06.176 --> 00:29:08.656
<00:29:06.176>Improve <00:29:06.456>the <00:29:06.735>architecture. <00:29:07.015>Review <00:29:07.295>the <00:29:07.576>code.

501
00:29:09.656 --> 00:29:10.716
<00:29:09.656>Automate <00:29:10.132>the <00:29:10.610>tests.

502
00:29:11.516 --> 00:29:13.016
<00:29:11.516>Take <00:29:12.191>security <00:29:12.866>seriously.

503
00:29:14.276 --> 00:29:14.536
But

504
00:29:15.436 --> 00:29:18.376
<00:29:15.436>do <00:29:15.636>not <00:29:15.836>forget <00:29:16.035>the <00:29:16.235>system <00:29:16.436>around <00:29:16.636>the <00:29:16.836>system

505
00:29:19.396 --> 00:29:23.356
<00:29:19.396>because <00:29:19.596>sooner <00:29:19.796>or <00:29:19.995>later, <00:29:20.196>your <00:29:20.396>leadership <00:29:20.596>culture <00:29:20.796>becomes

506
00:29:23.416 --> 00:29:24.676
<00:29:23.416>your <00:29:23.983>software <00:29:24.550>architecture.

507
00:29:25.596 --> 00:29:26.876
<00:29:25.596>Ship <00:29:26.172>that <00:29:26.748>well.

508
00:29:32.076 --> 00:29:36.036
<00:29:32.076>Thank <00:29:32.203>you <00:29:32.330>for <00:29:32.457>watching <00:29:32.585>my <00:29:32.712>talk. <00:29:32.839>I <00:29:32.966>hope <00:29:33.094>this <00:29:33.221>helps <00:29:33.348>you <00:29:33.476>look

509
00:29:36.076 --> 00:29:39.976
<00:29:36.076>at <00:29:36.251>software <00:29:36.426>quality <00:29:36.601>a <00:29:36.776>little <00:29:36.951>differently, <00:29:37.126>not <00:29:37.301>only <00:29:37.476>as

510
00:29:40.016 --> 00:29:42.716
<00:29:40.016>something <00:29:40.216>we <00:29:40.416>write <00:29:40.616>but <00:29:40.816>as <00:29:41.016>something <00:29:41.216>we <00:29:41.416>lead.

511
00:29:43.156 --> 00:29:46.916
<00:29:43.156>And <00:29:43.296>I <00:29:43.436>hope <00:29:43.576>it <00:29:43.716>helps <00:29:43.856>you <00:29:43.995>build <00:29:44.136>not <00:29:44.275>only <00:29:44.416>better <00:29:44.556>software

512
00:29:47.596 --> 00:29:50.736
<00:29:47.596>but <00:29:47.796>better <00:29:47.996>conditions <00:29:48.196>for <00:29:48.396>software <00:29:48.596>to <00:29:48.796>be <00:29:48.996>built.

513
00:29:51.596 --> 00:29:55.516
<00:29:51.596>If <00:29:51.723>any <00:29:51.850>of <00:29:51.977>this <00:29:52.105>resonated <00:29:52.232>with <00:29:52.359>you, <00:29:52.486>I <00:29:52.614>would <00:29:52.741>love <00:29:52.868>to <00:29:52.996>connect.

514
00:29:56.296 --> 00:29:59.916
<00:29:56.296>You <00:29:56.396>can <00:29:56.496>find <00:29:56.596>me <00:29:56.696>on <00:29:56.796>LinkedIn. <00:29:56.896>The <00:29:56.996>link <00:29:57.096>is <00:29:57.196>on <00:29:57.296>the <00:29:57.396>slide, <00:29:57.496>or <00:29:57.596>you <00:29:57.696>can

515
00:29:59.976 --> 00:30:01.336
<00:29:59.976>just <00:30:00.282>search <00:30:00.588>for <00:30:00.894>my <00:30:01.200>name.

516
00:30:02.196 --> 00:30:04.156
<00:30:02.196>Take <00:30:02.545>care, <00:30:02.896>and <00:30:03.245>thank <00:30:03.596>you.